Nature Of Wood Flashcards
Weftless strapping makes use of steel material.
False
Crates are framed structures and the strength is provided by the frame.
True
In compression and tension, wood is strongest along the grain.
True
The biggest single use of wood in packaging is the manufacture of pallets.
True
Wood dimensions can change in response to changes in temperature.
False
Plywood is classified by letters A, B, and C. C is the best type in terms of appearance and strength.
False
Barrels are relatively easy to roll.
True
Wood has poor insulation properties.
False
Generally in the Philippines, standard size of pallets is 1,000 x 1,200 mm.
True
Wood as packaging can be used as crates, pallets, boxes, or cases.
True
What do you call the largest circumference of the barrel or cask?
Bilge
What do you call the wooden disc forming the end of a barrel or cask?
Head
What type of wood (hardwood or softwood) is more difficult to work with but is stronger?
Hardwood
In our lesson, what does PDS mean?
Pallet design system
What do you call the ratio of the mass of water in the wood material to the mass of water of dry wood? Spell out.
Moisture content
What do you call a mixture of wood particles and chips mixed and cured into a mold?
Particleboard
What pallet stacking pattern provides the highest stacking strength, but is most likely to topple?
Columnar
What fastening method makes use of glue and should be reinforced by another fastening method?
Adhesive
What wood packaging form can be shipped flat and combines the strength of wood and steel wire?
Wire-bound boxes
What is defined as a flat portable platform constructed to sustain a load and permit handling by mechanical equipment?
Pallet
Nail sizes are frequently designated by the term _____, which identifies a certain length and diameter.
Penny
What is the most common fastener for wood pieces?
Nails
______ drying is done in a closed chamber at an elevated temperature with controlled conditions.
Kiln
What do you call the arrangement of containers in a pallet?
Pallet pattern
CAPE is one program used to determine the safe stack height on a pallet. Give another software program similar to CAPE.
TOPS
The base of a branch that is embedded in the wood.
Knots
Internal stresses created by a slight shrinkage in cell length.
Growth stresses
Any distortion from the true plane.
Warping
Ruptures in wood which develop during seasoning
Checks
Occurs when the fiber alignment if wood is not parallel with the longitudinal axis.
Cross grain
Condition where the hard summerwood is raised above the softer springwood.
Raised grain
Causes the wood to break suddenly and completely across the grain.
Brashness
Occurs when a tree produces greater growth on one side than the other.
Reaction wood
Tub shape to hold 56 pounds of butter
Firkin
Small tight barrel (less than 10 gallons)
Keg
4-gallon firkin
Tub
Inverted pail
Kit
Large tight barrel
Cask
42-gallon barrel
Tierce
Longest dimension of the deck.
Stringers
Flat surface that forms the top
Deck
Boards used to form the deck.
Deck boards
Openings that allow the forks of the forklift to enter the pallet from any side.
Four-way entry
Wood pieces that support the deck boards from front to back.
Boards
Alternate pallet form that uses solid blocks of wood to support the deck.
Block
One or more packages secured to a pallet in such a way that the entire unit may be handled by mechanical equipment.
Unit load
Portion of the pallet that overhangs the stringer.
Wing
Measurement equal to the length of the deckboards.
Width
arranged in concentric rings, parallel to the long (vertical) axis of a tree trunk
Wood fibers
It is a type of wood that’s used to make crates and boxes,
Softwood
It is used to make pallets, crates, boxes, barrels, and slats for wire-bound containers.
Hardwood
commonly 1” to 4” thick and have a height of 4” to 6”.
Stringers
typically 1” or 2” in thickness and 4” .to 6” wide,
Deck boards
It is an essential step in the preparation of all wood for use in packaging application
Drying
manufactured by gluing one or more veneers (thin sheets of wood)
Plywood
it is mean by layers
Plies
used for wooden boxes, crates, barrels, and cases
Tension strapping
3 types of strapping
Thermoplastic strapping, steel strapping, weftless strapping
made by the wet cooperage method
Beer cask
name given to one of the arched vertical tapered boards
stave
barrel names
cask, keg, tierce, firkin, tub, pail, kit
2 types of defects
Natural defects, seasoning & machining defects
