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Ultrasound > Nature Of Sound > Flashcards

Nature Of Sound Flashcards

1
Q

It is a travelling variation in one or more quantities such as pressure. It is produced by something moving back and forth or vibrating.

A

Wave

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2
Q

What is the relationship of frequency to sound absorption?

A

Higher frequencies are absorbed more rapidly than lower frequencies.

Yet lower frequencies have better penetration.

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4
Q

It can be transmitted and produced by matter and can travel only in matter.

A

Mechanical wave

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6
Q

Motion of the particles in a medium PARALLEL to the direction of the wave propagation.

A

Longitudinal

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7
Q

Motion of the particle in the medium is PERPENDICULAR to the wave propagation.

A

Transverse wave

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8
Q

What is the relationship of the frequencies to spatial resolution?

A

Higher frequencies have shorter wavelength. Shorter wavelength can distinguish between reflectors thatbaremcloser together. Therefore, higher frequencies have better spatial resolution but limited penetration.

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9
Q

As the frequency of the UTZ increases:

The penetrability of the beam _____

A

Decreases

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10
Q

As the frequency of the UTZ increases:

The beam becomes _____

A

More colimated and directional

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12
Q

Distance between two consecutive identical positions in the wave.

A

Wavelength

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13
Q

The time it takes for one cycle to occur.

A

Period

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14
Q

Occurs when ultrasound waves of the different frequency are out of phase

A

Destructive Interference

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15
Q

Medical imaging that uses nonionizing, high frequency sound waves to generate image of a particular structure.

A

Sonography

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16
Q

As the frequency of the UTZ increases:

The ability to resolve small objects ________

A

Improves, increases

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17
Q

Relationship of period and frequency

A

Inversely related

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18
Q

Refers to the relationship of one wave to the other

A

Phase

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19
Q

It can travel either through matter or through empty space

A

Electromagnetic wave

20
Q

Waves whose wavefronts are at the SAME position

A

In phase

21
Q

It is the length of the space that a pulse takes up

A

Spatial Pulse Length

22
Q

Waves whose wavefronts are at the DIFFERENT position

A

Out of phase

23
Q

Sound is an energy transmitted as a ___________, __________ wave that requires a medium through which to travel.

A

Mechanical, longitudinal

24
Q

What will be the result if ultrasound waves of the same frequency are in phase?

A

Imcreased amplitude

Increased intensity of the beam

25
Q

What will be the result if ultrasound waves of the same frequency are out of phase?

A

Decreased amplitude

And it contributes to ultrasound attenuation

26
Q

Fraction of the time that pulsed ultrasound is on

A

Duty Factor

27
Q

It is the interaction if two or more ultrasound beams having different frequency and/or phase.

A

Interference

28
Q

Points of zero amplitude caused by destructive interference.

A

Nodes

30
Q

Types of ultrasound wave used in diagnostic equipments in which cycles repeat indefinitely

A

Continuous wave

31
Q

No. of cycles per second performed by the particles in the medium in response toma wave passing through it

A

Frequency

33
Q

It is the time from the beginning of one pulse to the next

A

Pulse Repitition Period

34
Q

Two waves traveling in the opposite directions with the sample amplitude interfere and create a?

A

Standing waves

36
Q

Points of maximum amplitude caused by constructive interference

A

Antinodes

37
Q

It is the number of pulses occuring in one sec.

A

Pulsed Repition Frequency (PRF)

38
Q

It is said that every point on a wave-front may be comsidered a source of secondary spherical wavelets which spread out in the forward direction at the speed of light. The new wave-front is the tangetial surface to all these secondary wavelets.

A

Huygens’ Principle

39
Q

It is the time it takes for one pulse to occur

A

Pulse Duration

40
Q

Occurs when ultrasound waves of the same frequency are in phase

A

Constructive Interference

41
Q

Types of ultrasound wave used in diagnostic equipments in which it consists pulses separated by gaps in time

A

Pulsed

42
Q

2 types of ultrasound waves used in diagnostic equipments

A

Continuous and pulsed

44
Q

When two sound waves with slightly different frequencies combine.

A

Beat frequency

Ultrasound (3 decks)

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