Nature Of Science Flashcards

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1
Q

How does science differ from other fields.

A

Scientists conduct research to acquire knowledge about observable phenomena.

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2
Q

Steps of the research process.

A

Observe, question, research design, data analysis, question.

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3
Q

Theory

A

A body of knowledge that attempts to explain a phenomena.

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4
Q

Law

A

Description of repeatedly occurring phenomena.

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5
Q

How does technology/society impact science.

A

Better measurement, higher magnification, rapid computing, ability to share every step of the process. Society establishes morals.

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6
Q

Natural selection

A

Species most fit to survive in an environment, more likely to survive.

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7
Q

Homozygous, heterozygous

A

Same allele type, DD, dd, hetero is different. Dd

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8
Q

Dominant, recessive.

A

Gene that will show, gene that needs another recessive to show

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9
Q

Genotype, phenotype

A

What the allele traits are, why is visibly shown

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10
Q

Gene/allele

A

Holds genetic info, alternative forms of the same gene

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11
Q

Scientific world views.

A

The world is understandable, scientific ideas are subject to change, scientific knowledge is durable, science cannot provide complete answers to all questions.

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12
Q

Five aspects of scientific inquiry.

A

Science demands evidence, science is a blend of logic and imagination, science explains and predicts, scientists try to identify and avoid bias, science is not authoritarian.

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13
Q

Characteristics of scientific enterprise

A

Science is a complex social activity, science is organized into into content disciplines and is conducted in various institutions, there are generally accepted ethical principles in the conduct of science, scientists participates in public affairs both as specialists and as citizens.

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14
Q

Meischer helped Mendel

A

Discovered nuclein later called DNA in white blood cells

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15
Q

DNA

A

Deoxyribonucleic acid

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16
Q

Genes

A

Parts of DNA that codes for protein

17
Q

Proteins

A

Produce observable traits

18
Q

Observable trait

A

Trait we can see

19
Q

Alleles

A

Different versions of genes

20
Q

Protein structure

A

Made up of amino acids, combinstions of hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen

21
Q

Polypeptide

A

Chain of amino acid.

22
Q

Wolves to dogs

A

Domestication by humans taming wolf pups, the dumb dogs weren’t skid dish when people approached.

23
Q

Traits selected in dogs

A

Looks, temperament

24
Q

Chromosome.structures

A

Centromere center of chromosome. Protein framework inside DNA that’s coiled around it.

25
Q

Intron

A

Part of a gene that will be transcribed but will not appear.

26
Q

Exon

A

Part of gene that will be transcribed and appear in mRNA

27
Q

Codominance

A

Like blood type, two dominant traits

28
Q

Incomplete dominance

A

A little of each protein is produced.

29
Q

Polygenic traits

A

Multiple genes determine a trait, eye. Color

30
Q

Sex linked traits

A

Traits given through the x Y chromosome.

31
Q

Variable expression of genes

A

All cells in an organism have the same genes but only certain ones are exlpressed.

32
Q

Modifier genes

A

Genes that modify the effect of other genes, albinism halts production of pigment

33
Q

Master control genes

A

Activate numerous genes to complete a task.

34
Q

Environmental effects.

A

A cells surroundings can impact How a gene functions.

35
Q

Types of mutations

A

Good, bad, nothing

36
Q

Causes of mutations

A

Chromosomal changes, structural changes, base point mutations.