Nature/nurture debate

Question 1

Stress diathesis model- both

Answer 1

Both nature and nurture effect the development of psychological disorders e.g. schizophrenia
Children can inherit the gene but the environment e.g. smoking cannabis or stress can activate the gene

Question 2

Positive reinforcement

Answer 2

Response to an action is positive so action is more likely to be repeated

Question 3

Negative reinforcement

Answer 3

Response to action is positive by removing something negative so action is likely to be repeated

Question 4

Vicarious reinforcement

Answer 4

Behaviour of somebody who we are observing receives positive so more likely to copy it

Question 5

Gesell’s maturation theory- nature

Answer 5

Investigated large groups of children to find skills and abilities that they have in common
Established norms or milestones
Concluded that development is predetermined so environment has little influence- nature

Question 6

BoBo doll experiment- nurture

Answer 6

Conducted by Bandura
Children shown clip of adult behaving either aggressively or non aggressively towards large inflatable doll
Children who saw aggression more likely to be aggressive
Concluded aggression is learnt through observation