nature-nurture

Question 1

nature

Answer 1

behaviour is seen to be a product of innate factors

Question 2

nurture

Answer 2

behaviour is a product of environmental influences

Question 3

interactionist approach

Answer 3

the view that the process of nature-nurture work together rather than in opposition

Question 4

evolutionary explanations

Answer 4

based on the principle that a behaviour or characteristic that promotes survival or reproduction will be naturally selected

Question 5

behaviours with an evolutionary bias

Answer 5

• mate choice
• phobias
• OCD
• attachment
• language
• social interaction

Question 6

behaviourists explanations

Answer 6

• nurture
• learned and shaped through reinforcement or conditioning

Question 7

social learning theory explanations

Answer 7

• concerned with observational learning
• children observe and imitate role models

Question 8

example of interactionist approach;

Answer 8

• dia-thesis stress model
• genes + trauma = psychological disorders
• biological vulnerability, certain genes that lead to a genetic disorder; however not everyone ends up developing the disorder
• a persons nature is only expressed under certain conditions of nurture

Question 9

AO3 - nature effects nurture

Answer 9

plomin et al
genes extert an indirect effect on nurture in a number of ways; reactive, passive, agressive
1. reacitve; the child reacts to genetically influenced behaviour, an aggressive child may provoke an aggressive response in others, creating a more aggressive environment
2. passive; parents determine aspects of childs behaviour, a parent with mental illness could create an unsettled home envrionment
3. active; as child grows older they seek out environments that suit their genes, niche-picking

Question 10

AO3 - empiricism and nativism

Answer 10

led to controversy linking, race, intelligence, genetics and the application of euginetics
empiricist suggest that behaviour can be changed through altering environmental conditions