NATURE AND CONCEPT OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION Flashcards
Etymology of investigation came from Latin word
INVESTIGARE
Came from the latin word which means to inquire or to discover
INVESTIGAT
3 FOLD AIMS
TO IDENTIFY THE GUILT PARTY
TO LOCATE THE GUILTILY PARTY
AND TO PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF THE SUSPECT GUILT
The fact of discovery. It is the chance event which triggers the operation of our criminal justice system
DETECTION
Usually done by first responders or patrol officers
PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION
NATURE OF CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION
AS AN ART-BASED ON INTUITION AND SOMETIMES BY CHANCE
AS A SCIENCE - BECAUSE IT INVOLVES THE APPLICATION OF KNOWLEDGE OF FORENSIC SCIENCE
AS A PROCESS - BECAUSE IT INVOLVES SYSTEMATIC PROCEDURE
The most famous thief-cather in 1720s.his method of technique the logic of employing a thief to catch a thief
JONATHAN WILD
AMERICAN MOST FAMOUS PRIVATE INVESTIGATOR AND FOUNDER OF PINKERTON NATIONAL DETECTIVE AGENCY.
ALLAN PINKERTON
First women detective in the history of criminal investigation
KATE WARNE
CHIEF CONSTABLE OF WEST RIDING, YOSHIRE PIONEER THE RECORDING OF MODUS OPERANDI
SIR LLEWELLYN WILLIAMS ATCHERLY
A new york chief detective which discovered that modus operandi do not remain the same. Instituted the Bulmery morning street parade
INSPECTOR THOMAS BYRNES
Father of criminologist, publish a book entitled “Modern criminal investigation
DR. HANS GROSS
French criminogist who established the worlds first crime laboratory
EDMUND LOCARD
Father of personal identification who framed anthropology, accompanying a sketch to identify criminals
Alphonse Bertillon
DURING THE 1750S Mr. Fieldings people, the first invesrigative body in in England
BOW STREET RUNNERS
The great watershed British police development occurred in 1829 with the establishment of the london Metropolitan police department
THE LONDON METROPOLITAN POLICE
FOUNDED ON THE 1850 BY SCOTTISH IMIGRANT ALLAN PINKERTON
CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION IN AMERICA
Probably the most significant development in criminal investigation in the United States in 1924
THE CREATION OF FBI
As an individual who was committed a crime and has been convicted beyond reasonable doubt
CRIMINAL
Are individuals pointed by the victims and witnesses to have committed the crime issue
SUSPECT
A venue or place where the alleged crime has been commited
CRIME SCENE
To discover whether an offense has been commited under the law, after determining what specific offense has been commited
INVESTIGATOR
DESIRABLE TRAITS OF A INVESTIGATOR
is the ability to analyze logically a multitude of facts and determine how they interrelate is basic to the investigative process
SUPERIOR REASONING ABILITY
Imagination forming mental imagination
IMAGINATION AND CURIOSITY
Immediate apprehension or cognition - quick and ready insight without the conscious of reasoning
INTUITION
Under most circumstances the investigator will use the sense of seeing and hearing the former being the more significant
OBSERVATIONAL ABILITY
Continually processing various types of information
ORGANIZATIONAL ABILITY
Solid grounding in criminal and to lesser degree, in civil law.
LEGAL KNOWLEDGE.
CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING AND A WIDE INTEREST
An awareness and understanding of cultures different from investigator own can be great disadvantage
Continuing in the face of opposition or refusing to give up when faced with ab adverse situation
PERCISTENCE
Refers to a series of similarities that may link particular cases or indicate that the same person is committing series of crime
PATTERN
These are clues or pieces of information that aid in the investigaton
LEADS
Specifically refer to leads provided by the citizens that aid in progress of an investigation
TIPS
Beliefs regarding the based on the evidence, patterns, leads, tips, and other information developed uncover case
THEORIES
It refers to an official inquiry conducted by a government agency
FORMAL INVESTIGATION
A more historical description than a current usage to describe any penetraining crime
INQUISITION
Like forma investigation, is an extensive, searching inquiry conducted by a government agency
PROBE
Its the most emplyed type of investigation and refers to the careful, patient investigation done by the scientist
RESEARCH
Suspect are easily determined and located
Walk trough
This is case in which no suspect are initially identified
WHODUNIT
These are designed to catch a criminal im the act of commiting a crime
PROACTIVE INVESTIGATION
OPENLY
OVERT INVESTIGATION
IN SECRET
COVERT INVESTIGATION