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GE 7 > Nature and attributes of science and technology > Flashcards

Nature and attributes of science and technology Flashcards

1
Q

Who said this phrase “If I have seen further than others, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants” ?

A

Sir Isaac Newton

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2
Q

This encompasses the knowledge of nature and universe

A

Science

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3
Q

Making stuff, including stuff used by society, and in the production and dissemination of science

A

Technology

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4
Q

The sum total of our interactions as humans, including the interactions that we engage in to figure things out and to make things

A

Society

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5
Q

True or False:
Science, technology, and society are deeply interconnected

A

True

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6
Q

Includes ideas, theories, and all available systematic explanations and
observations

A

Science as an idea

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7
Q

Involves systematic observation and experimentation

A

Science as an intellectual activity

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8
Q

Referred as school science; deals with the process of learning about the natural and physical world

A

Science as a body of knowledge

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9
Q

It explains that science is both knowledge and
activities done by human beings to understand the world around them and a way to improve life

A

Science as a personal and social activity

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10
Q

It was the period of enlightenment when the developments in the fields of mathematics,
physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature.

A

Scientific Revolution

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11
Q

The Scientific Revolution develops as an offshoot of the ________

A

Renaissance

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12
Q

The only authorities accepted as truth before 1500

A

the Bible and Aristotle

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13
Q

He taught that the Earth was the
center of the universe

A

Ptolemy

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14
Q

Ptolemy’s geocentric model of the solar system:

A
  1. Earth
  2. Moon
  3. Mercury
  4. Venus
  5. Sun
  6. Mars
  7. Jupiter
  8. Saturn
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15
Q

Three scientists who challenged traditional theories about the universe and the Greco-Roman idea that the Earth
was the center of the universe

A

Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
Isaac Newton

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16
Q

Copernicus two conclusions on his book “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres”

A
  1. The universe is heliocentric, or sun-centered.
  2. The Earth is merely one of several planets revolving around the sun.
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17
Q

Copernicus’ model of the solar system

A
  1. Sun
  2. Moon
  3. Mercury
  4. Venus
  5. Earth
  6. Mars
  7. Jupiter
  8. Saturn
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18
Q

Danish astronomer who provided evidence that supported Copernicus’ heliocentric
theory.

A

Tycho Brahe

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19
Q

Every night for years he carefully observed the sky, accumulating data about the movement of the stars and planets.

A

Tycho Brahe

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20
Q

Assistant of Tycho Brahe who used Brahe’s data to calculate the orbits of the planets revolving around the sun

A

Johannes Kepler

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21
Q

His calculations also showed that the planets moved in elliptical (oval-shaped) orbits, and not perfect circles, as Ptolemy and Copernicus believed.

A

Johannes Kepler

22
Q

His finding help explain the paths followed by man-made satellites today

A

Johannes Kepler

23
Q

The Church came against him
because it claimed that the Earth
was fixed and unmoving.

A

Galileo Galilei

24
Q

He assembled the first telescope which
allowed him to see mountains on the moon and fiery spots on the sun

A

Galileo Galilei

25
Q

He discovered that objects fall at the
same speed regardless of weight

A

Galileo Galilei

26
Q

Method used to confirm findings and to
prove or disprove a hypothesis

A

Scientific Method

27
Q

He used math to prove the existence of gravity - a force that kept planets in their orbits around the sun, and also caused
objects to fall towards the earth.

A

Sir Isaac Newton

28
Q

He was the most influential scientist of the Scientific Revolution

A

Sir Isaac Newto

29
Q

He invented calculus: a method of mathematical analysis.

A

Sir Isaac Newton

30
Q

An English philosopher who wrote
Advancement of Learning

A

Francis Bacon

31
Q

He popularized the scientific method and used it with philosophy and knowledge

A

Francis Bacon

32
Q

He argued that truth could not be known at the beginning of a question, but only at the end after a long process of investigation.

A

Francis Bacon

33
Q

He emphasized human reasoning as the best road to understanding.

A

Rene Decartes

34
Q

“I think, therefore I am”

A

Rene Decartes

35
Q

He distinguished between individual elements and chemical compounds.
He also explained the effect of temperature and pressure on gases.

A

Robert Boyle

36
Q

He published the “On the Structure of the Human Body”

A

Andrea Versalius

37
Q

His book was the first accurate and detailed book on human anatomy

A

Andrea Versalius

38
Q

An English scholar who described the circulation of blood for the first time.

A

William Harvey

39
Q

A Dutch inventor who perfected the microscope and became the first human to see cells and microorganisms.

A

Anton van Leeuwekhoek

40
Q

THE BIG THREE OF GREEK PHILOSOPHY

A

SOCRATES, PLATO, AND ARISTOTLE

41
Q

Greek philosopher and main source of Western thought

A

Socrates

42
Q

He emphasized the importance of the mind over the relative unimportance of the human body

A

Socrates

43
Q

Student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle

A

Plato

44
Q

Founded the academy of Athens

A

Plato

45
Q

His work on the use of reason to develop on the equality of individuals established the foundation of modern democracy

A

Plato

46
Q

Focus on systemic concept of logic

A

Aristotle

47
Q

The golden mean: Living a moral life is the ultimate goal

A

Aristotle

48
Q

Famous for composing the seminal work of Christian Neoplatonism

A

Origen of Alexandria

49
Q

He is famous for being an inimitable Catholic theologian and for his agnostic contributions to Western philosophy.

A

St. Augustine

50
Q

He argues that skeptics have no basis for claiming to know that there is no knowledge.

A

St. Augustine

51
Q

He follows Aristotle in thinking that we know something x scientifically only if our knowledge of x is certain

A

St. Thomas Aquinas

GE 7 (1 decks)

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