Nature and attributes of science and technology

Question 1

Who said this phrase “If I have seen further than others, it is by standing on the shoulders of giants” ?

Answer 1

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 2

This encompasses the knowledge of nature and universe

Answer 2

Science

Question 3

Making stuff, including stuff used by society, and in the production and dissemination of science

Answer 3

Technology

Question 4

The sum total of our interactions as humans, including the interactions that we engage in to figure things out and to make things

Answer 4

Society

Question 5

True or False:
Science, technology, and society are deeply interconnected

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Includes ideas, theories, and all available systematic explanations and
observations

Answer 6

Science as an idea

Question 7

Involves systematic observation and experimentation

Answer 7

Science as an intellectual activity

Question 8

Referred as school science; deals with the process of learning about the natural and physical world

Answer 8

Science as a body of knowledge

Question 9

It explains that science is both knowledge and
activities done by human beings to understand the world around them and a way to improve life

Answer 9

Science as a personal and social activity

Question 10

It was the period of enlightenment when the developments in the fields of mathematics,
physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature.

Answer 10

Scientific Revolution

Question 11

The Scientific Revolution develops as an offshoot of the ________

Answer 11

Renaissance

Question 12

The only authorities accepted as truth before 1500

Answer 12

the Bible and Aristotle

Question 13

He taught that the Earth was the
center of the universe

Answer 13

Ptolemy

Question 14

Ptolemy’s geocentric model of the solar system:

Answer 14

1. Earth
2. Moon
3. Mercury
4. Venus
5. Sun
6. Mars
7. Jupiter
8. Saturn

Question 15

Three scientists who challenged traditional theories about the universe and the Greco-Roman idea that the Earth
was the center of the universe

Answer 15

Copernicus
Galileo Galilei
Isaac Newton

Question 16

Copernicus two conclusions on his book “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres”

Answer 16

1. The universe is heliocentric, or sun-centered.
2. The Earth is merely one of several planets revolving around the sun.

Question 17

Copernicus’ model of the solar system

Answer 17

1. Sun
2. Moon
3. Mercury
4. Venus
5. Earth
6. Mars
7. Jupiter
8. Saturn

Question 18

Danish astronomer who provided evidence that supported Copernicus’ heliocentric
theory.

Answer 18

Tycho Brahe

Question 19

Every night for years he carefully observed the sky, accumulating data about the movement of the stars and planets.

Answer 19

Tycho Brahe

Question 20

Assistant of Tycho Brahe who used Brahe’s data to calculate the orbits of the planets revolving around the sun

Answer 20

Johannes Kepler

Question 21

His calculations also showed that the planets moved in elliptical (oval-shaped) orbits, and not perfect circles, as Ptolemy and Copernicus believed.

Answer 21

Johannes Kepler

Question 22

His finding help explain the paths followed by man-made satellites today

Answer 22

Johannes Kepler

Question 23

The Church came against him
because it claimed that the Earth
was fixed and unmoving.

Answer 23

Galileo Galilei

Question 24

He assembled the first telescope which
allowed him to see mountains on the moon and fiery spots on the sun

Answer 24

Galileo Galilei

Question 25

He discovered that objects fall at the same speed regardless of weight

Answer 25

Galileo Galilei

Question 26

Method used to confirm findings and to prove or disprove a hypothesis

Answer 26

Scientific Method

Question 27

He used math to prove the existence of gravity - a force that kept planets in their orbits around the sun, and also caused objects to fall towards the earth.

Answer 27

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 28

He was the most influential scientist of the Scientific Revolution

Answer 28

Sir Isaac Newto

Question 29

He invented calculus: a method of mathematical analysis.

Answer 29

Sir Isaac Newton

Question 30

An English philosopher who wrote Advancement of Learning

Answer 30

Francis Bacon

Question 31

He popularized the scientific method and used it with philosophy and knowledge

Answer 31

Francis Bacon

Question 32

He argued that truth could not be known at the beginning of a question, but only at the end after a long process of investigation.

Answer 32

Francis Bacon

Question 33

He emphasized human reasoning as the best road to understanding.

Answer 33

Rene Decartes

Question 34

“I think, therefore I am”

Answer 34

Rene Decartes

Question 35

He distinguished between individual elements and chemical compounds. He also explained the effect of temperature and pressure on gases.

Answer 35

Robert Boyle

Question 36

He published the “On the Structure of the Human Body”

Answer 36

Andrea Versalius

Question 37

His book was the first accurate and detailed book on human anatomy

Answer 37

Andrea Versalius

Question 38

An English scholar who described the circulation of blood for the first time.

Answer 38

William Harvey

Question 39

A Dutch inventor who perfected the microscope and became the first human to see cells and microorganisms.

Answer 39

Anton van Leeuwekhoek

Question 40

THE BIG THREE OF GREEK PHILOSOPHY

Answer 40

SOCRATES, PLATO, AND ARISTOTLE

Question 41

Greek philosopher and main source of Western thought

Answer 41

Socrates

Question 42

He emphasized the importance of the mind over the relative unimportance of the human body

Answer 42

Socrates

Question 43

Student of Socrates and teacher of Aristotle

Answer 43

Plato

Question 44

Founded the academy of Athens

Answer 44

Plato

Question 45

His work on the use of reason to develop on the equality of individuals established the foundation of modern democracy

Answer 45

Plato

Question 46

Focus on systemic concept of logic

Answer 46

Aristotle

Question 47

The golden mean: Living a moral life is the ultimate goal

Answer 47

Aristotle

Question 48

Famous for composing the seminal work of Christian Neoplatonism

Answer 48

Origen of Alexandria

Question 49

He is famous for being an inimitable Catholic theologian and for his agnostic contributions to Western philosophy.

Answer 49

St. Augustine

Question 50

He argues that skeptics have no basis for claiming to know that there is no knowledge.

Answer 50

St. Augustine

Question 51

He follows Aristotle in thinking that we know something x scientifically only if our knowledge of x is certain

Answer 51

St. Thomas Aquinas