Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Freshman Year > Natural Selection (Bio) > Flashcards

Natural Selection (Bio) Flashcards

1
Q

Evolution can occur on a small scale affecting a single population

A

Microevoultion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Evolution on a large scale affecting changes in species across populations

A

Macroevolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The process of biological change in population over time that makes descendants genetically different from their ancestors.

A

Evolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

English Naturalist
Saw that different species of finches/tortoises/etc. lived on different islands and had specific characteristics for that island.
Developed his theory of natural selection to serve as the mechanism for how evolution occurs.

A

Charles Darwin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

organisms with the “better” traits (adaptations) will live and reproduce more than others, causing changes in the population over time by acting on traits that are heartable.

A

Natural Selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

a measure of how well you can survive in your environment

A

Fittest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Fittest based on

A

Overproduction of offspring
Variations
Adaptations
Descent with motivations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

any change in a DNA sequence

A

Mutation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a driving force of evolution.

A

Independent Variation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Organisms more fit for their environments will survive and reproduce more offspring.

A

Natural selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Random change in the frequency of alleles in a population over time.

A

Genetic Drift

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Movement of genes into/out of a population.

A

Gene Flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sexual selection is also known as

A

non-random mating

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

(Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium) = when there are NO changes in the allele frequencies in a population over time.

A

Genetic equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Speciation
Extinction
Gradualism
Punctuated equilibrium
Divergent evolution
Convergent evolution
Co-evolution

A

broad patterns of evolution observable in nature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

forming of a new species by evolution from a pre-existing species

A

Speciation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

elimination of a species.

A

Extinction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

occurs when a catastrophic event changes the environment suddenly.

A

Mass extinction

19
Q

Slow, constant changes over a long period of time

A

Gradualism

20
Q

Bursts of change followed by periods of stability.

A

Punctuated Equilibrium

21
Q

A number of different species arise from one common ancestor.

A

Divergent Evolution

22
Q

a type of divergent evolution occurring on a small scale over a small period of time

A

Adaptive radiation

23
Q

Takes 2 organisms to make offspring

A

Sexual Reprodution

24
Q

Process of binary fission or mitosis where only one parent produces genetically identical off spring

A

Asexual Reproduction

25
Q

When unrelated species evolve similar characteristics because they live in similar environments.

A

Convergent Evolution

26
Q

Occurs when two populations of organisms form a specialized relationship and thus change in response to each other.

A

Coevolution

27
Q

“unifying theme of biology” because it ties together evidence and research from many branches

A

Evolution

28
Q

study of prehistoric life through the fossil record.

A

Paleontology

29
Q

study of the form of living things.

A

Morphology/Anatomy

30
Q

study of the georographical distribution of plants and animals

A

Biogeography

31
Q

study of embryo development.

A

Embrology

32
Q

study of chemical processes in living things.

A

Biochemistry

33
Q

preserved remains of organisms (bones, footprints, feces, etc.)

A

Fossil

34
Q

link ancestral species to their descendants.

A

Transitional fossils

35
Q

similar structures that suggest evidence of common ancestors

A

Homologous structures

36
Q

structures with little or no function to an organism.

A

Vestigual structures

37
Q

similar structures that evolved independently in different organisms due to serving similar purposes.

A

Analogous structures

38
Q

field of biology that classifies organisms.

A

Taxonomy

39
Q

prokaryotes; “true” bacteria, like pathogens

A

Eubacteria

40
Q

2-name naming system, Genus species

A

Binomial nomenclature

41
Q

prokaryotes in extreme environments

A

Archaebacteria

42
Q

eukaryotes

A

Eukarya

43
Q

branching of a family tree

A

Speciation

44
Q

Two bodily structures, found in different species, have different internal bone structures but serve a similar purpose in each organism, This is the best discretion of

A

Analogous Structures

Freshman Year (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions