natural selection

Question 1

(d) natural selection

Answer 1

process in which organisms with certain inherited characteristics are more likely to survive and reproduce than individuals with other characteristics

Question 2

(d) evolution

Answer 2

development of new types of living organisms from pre-existing types by the accumulation of genetic differences over long periods of time

Question 3

what does natural selection lead to?

Answer 3

evolutionary adaptation, a population’s increase in the frequency of certain traits to the environment thus leads to evolution, seen either as a change in the genetic composition of a population over time or the entire biological history, from the earliest microbes to the enormous diversity of organisms that live on earth today

Question 4

(d) individual variation

Answer 4

members of a population often vary in their inherited traits

Question 5

(d) overpopulation and competition

Answer 5

all species tend to produce more offspring than the environment can support

Question 6

(c) individual variation

Answer 6

individuals whose inherited traits give them a higher probability of surviving and reproducing in a given environment tend to leave more offspring than other individuals

Question 7

(c) overpopulation and competition

Answer 7

unequal production of offspring will lead to the accumulation of favourable traits in the population over time

Question 8

environmental factors that act as forces of natural selection

Answer 8

climate change, competition, habitat loss, destruction by humans, predation

Question 9

(d) artificial selection

Answer 9

purposeful breeding of domesticated plants and animals by humans