Natural Selection Flashcards
1
Q
Genetic Drift
A
- Random
- a major short term cause of change in alleles
- random change due to sampling error
- depends on population size= inverse relationship
- bottleneck
- eventually causes loss in genetic variation
- founder effect
2
Q
founder effect
A
- a few disperse to another area and are the founders
- type of genetic drift
3
Q
spatial subdivision
A
patchy food, nesting sites, or other habitat features
4
Q
Gene Flow
A
- movement of individuals or gametes between subpopulations
- migration
- keep populations from becoming different from each other genetically
- counteracts genetic drift
5
Q
Local gene flow
A
slows down rate of adaptation
6
Q
Global gene flow
A
speeds up rate of adaptation
7
Q
characteristics of NON evolving population
A
- no net mutations
- population large:no genetic drift
- population isolated: no gene flow
- mating is random
- no natural selection
8
Q
Natural Selection
A
- adaptive changes
- allows organisms to track changes in local environments
9
Q
adaption
A
process where a characteristic is improved for specific function
10
Q
3 conditions for Natural Selection
A
- phenotypic variation
- fitness differences
- underlying genetic variation
11
Q
fittness
A
measure of relative reproductive success
12
Q
w=
A
fittness
13
Q
juvenilization
A
keeping pup characteristics
14
Q
pleitropy
A
where a single gene simultaneously affect multiple traits
15
Q
duplications
A
important in the evolution of gene families
16
Q
prevent natural selection
A
all phenotypic variation is caused by environment
