natural selection.

Question 1

deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

Answer 1

DNA

Question 2

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

Answer 2

Nucleotide

Question 3

Chargaff rule: The rule that in DNA there is always equality in quantity between the bases A and T and between the bases G and C. (A is adenine, T is thymine, G is guanine, and C is cytosine.) … Also known as Chargaff’s ratios.

Answer 3

Chargaff’s Rules

Question 4

The two twentieth-century biologists James D. Watson of the United States and Francis Crick of England who discovered the double helix of DNA. The New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition. Copyright 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company.

Answer 4

Watson and Crick

Question 5

in Science. Franklin, Rosalind Elsie 1920-1958. British x-ray crystallographer whose diffraction images, made by directing x-rays at DNA, provided crucial information that led to the discovery of its structure as a double helix by Francis Crick and James D. Watson.

Answer 5

Rosalind Franklin

Question 6

the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA,

Answer 6

Mutations

Question 7

a change or the process of change by which an organism or species becomes better suited to its environment.

Answer 7

Adaptation

Question 8

a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.

Answer 8

Species

Question 9

the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.

Answer 9

Evolution

Question 10

the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock.

Answer 10

Fossils

Question 11

A term used by paleontologists see paleontology to refer to the total number of fossils that have been discovered, as well as to the information derived from them.

Answer 11

Fossil Record

Question 12

A British naturalist of the nineteenth century. He and others developed the theory of evolution.

Answer 12

Charles Darwin

Question 13

a genetically determined characteristic.

Answer 13

Trait

Question 14

is the process by which humans use animal breeding and plant breeding to selectively develop particular phenotypic traits

Answer 14

Selective Breeding

Question 15

the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.

Answer 15

Natural Selection

Question 16

In population biology and demography, the generation time is the average time between two consecutive generations in the lineages of a population. In human populations, the generation time typically ranges from 22 to 32 years.

Answer 16

Generation Time

Question 17

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Answer 17

Speciation

Question 18

the chief bishop or archbishop of a province.

Answer 18

Primates

Question 19

a primate of a family ( Hominidae ) that includes humans and their fossil ancestors and also (in recent systems) at least some of the great apes.

Answer 19

Hominid

Question 20

is the binomial nomenclature (also known as the scientific name) for the only known extant human species. Homo is the human genus, which also includes Neanderthals and many other extinct species of hominin; H. sapiens is the only surviving species of the genus Homo.

Answer 20

Homo sapiens