Natural Selection

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the info that determines the trait that a living thing inherits to live

Question 2

Adaptions

Answer 2

a characteristic that improves an individuals ability to survive and reproduce in a particular envionment

Question 3

Evolution

Answer 3

the process in which inherited characteristics within a population change over generations such that new species sometimes arise

Question 4

Chargaff’s Rules

Answer 4

it states that DNA from any cell should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine and purine bases and, more specifically, that the amount of guanine is equal to cytosine and the amount of adenine is equal to thymine.

Question 5

Watson and Crick

Answer 5

The two twentieth-century biologists who discovered the double helix of DNA.

Question 6

Nucleotide

Answer 6

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

Question 7

Rosalind Franklin

Answer 7

British x-ray crystallographer whose diffraction images, made by directing x-rays at DNA, provided crucial information that led to the discovery of its structure as a double helix by Francis Crick and James D. Watson

Question 8

Mutations

Answer 8

the changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generations, caused by the alteration of single base units in DNA, or the deletion, insertion, or rearrangement of larger sections of genes or chromosomes.

Question 9

Species

Answer 9

a group of living organisms consisting of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding.

Question 10

Evolution

Answer 10

the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth.

Question 11

Fossils

Answer 11

the remains or impression of a prehistoric organism preserved in petrified form or as a mold or cast in rock.

Question 12

Fossil Record

Answer 12

A term used by paleontologists to refer to the total number of fossils that have been discovered, as well as to the information derived from them.

Question 13

Darwin

Answer 13

The theory of evolution by natural selection, first formulated in Darwin’s book “On the Origin of Species,” it is the process by which organisms change over time as a result of changes in heritable physical or behavioral traits.

Question 14

Trait

Answer 14

a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.

Question 15

Selective Breeding

Answer 15

the process of choosing a breeding stock of an animal based on specific traits that a breeder wants to reproduce in the offspring.

Question 16

Natural Selection

Answer 16

the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. The theory of its action was first fully expounded by Charles Darwin and is now believed to be the main process that brings about evolution.

Question 17

Generation Time

Answer 17

In population biology and demography, the generation time is the average time between two consecutive generations in the lineages of a population.

Question 18

Speciation

Answer 18

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution.

Question 19

Primates

Answer 19

Any of various mammals of the order Primates, and is characterized by nails on the hands and feet a short snout, and a large brain.

Question 20

Hominid

Answer 20

a primate of a family that includes humans and their fossil ancestors.

Question 21

Homo Sapiens

Answer 21

the binomial nomenclature for the only extant human species.