Natural Language and Voice Recognition and Robotics Flashcards
What is Voice Recognition
Voice to text
Digitise the voice
…Need hardware such as a microphone, adc etc…
Digital signal is analysed by software
…Pattern matching digitised wave compared to a database of known words, sounds syllables
…Statistical analysis: rules of grammar, word pairings, Noun + verbs etc. to help predict the word
What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Voice Recognition
Advantages
- No training is required in the use of the application
- Accurate spelling of words for users with literacy problems
- For those with limited mobility, it is a more effective method of input
Disadvantages
- Prone to interference
- User required to speak more slowly and louder than usual
- May only recognise a limited range of voices (must be trained specifically to recognise a users voice)
- Voice may be affected by an illness, won’t recognise their voice
What is natural language
-This is when humans input instructions as normal spoken words that are typed in or voice recognition the way it would be said to another human
-Natural language programming: Understand the true meaning of input.
Pass Relevant instruction into the system e.g. open Netflix and play Stranger Things
What is a Parse Trees
The algorithm will repeatedly break the sentence down
… into Noun and Verb Phrases
…Verbs, instructions, instigate functionality …open, delete, save
…Noun, things, arguments passed e.g. program tile, a database recording
What is a Part of Speech Tagging (POS)
Deal with language ambiguity
… e.g. morphology
Tag words with meanings
…Start with the most common meaning
…Use context and words around if (in the sentence)
…Alter the tagged meaning if appropriate
What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Natural Language
Advantages
-No training is required in the use of the application
Increases accessibility of the application
-If combined with speech recognition it can free users hands to complete other tasks.
Disadvantages
- Not all commands are recognised correctly all the time
- Applications complex to create, therefore it is expensive
What is a Robot
It is a machine which automatically carries out tasks (so humans don’t need to)
What are the Constituent parts of a robot
Controller - The brain of the robot arm and it co-ordinates the operation of all other parts
Drive - The engine or motor used to move the various robot parts. May be hydraulic electric or pneumatic
Arm - Part of the robot that will position a device called the end effector
End Effector - The item of hardware connected to the robot which performs a specific function, e.g. grippers, magnets, welders, paint sprays
Sensors - Provide feedback to the controller about the environment the arm in interacting with. This is processed by the controller to determine further actions
What is lead through programming
The robotic arm is trained by mimicking human actions
…Humans hold the sprayer/welder with the robot
…Does the task
… Robots records all actions
… Replays these actions
What is Drive Through programming
Human programmes instructions through the computer
… Programmed copied to the robot
What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of robotics
Advantages
-Increased Efficiency .. Faster… Don’t get tired/bored …Can work 24/7
-Higher Quality .. Consistent (replacing, swapping parts easier) Accuracy … A human cannot be as accurate to the nearest 0.01mm
-Improved Working Environment
-Work in hazardous conditions
…Boring repetitive tasks are done by robots
…Frees humans to do other jobs
…Retraining e.g. to fix the robots
Disadvantages
- Initial Cost
- Technical Expertise …Maintenance Staff …Programmers
- Limitations …Not as versatile as humans …Limited to tasks programmed for …Limited by rest of system
