Natural history of disease

Question 1

Disease progression in an individual over time, in the absence of treatment is an example of:

A. Natural history of disease
B. Spectrum of disease
C. Latency of disease
D. Disease incubation

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Smoking cessation programs

A. Susceptibility stage
B. Pre-clinical stage
C. Clinical stage
D. Stage of recovery, disability, or death

Answer 2

A

Question 3

A 28 year old female sex worker complained of post-coital bleeding. Consulation was done and subsequent biopsy revealed malignancy

A. Susceptibility stage
B. Pre-clinical stage
C. Clinical stage
D. Stage of recovery, disability, or death

Answer 3

C

Question 4

35 year old palpated a tender non-movable mass on her left breast. Her mother died of breast cancer.

A. Susceptibility stage
B. Pre-clinical stage
C. Clinical stage
D. Stage of recovery, disability, or death

Answer 4

C

Question 5

A child playing with his friends in the playground that contains an uncovered water container

A. Susceptibility stage
B. Pre-clinical stage
C. Clinical stage
D. Stage of recovery, disability, or death

Answer 5

A

Question 6

22 year old smokes 1 pack of cigarettes per day

A. Susceptibility stage
B. Pre-clinical stage
C. Clinical stage
D. Stage of recovery, disability, or death

Answer 6

A

Question 7

During this stage, the patient is exposed to carcinogens. Although predisposing factors have already accumulated, there is no cancer yet.

A. Susceptibility stage
B. Pre-clinical stage
C. Clinical stage
D. Stage of recovery, disability, or death

Answer 7

A

Question 8

Which of the following is the stage when the disease process has been triggered; the pathologic changes occurred without the individual being aware of them?

A. Susceptibility
B. Pre-clinical
C. Clinical
D. Outcome

Answer 8

B

Question 9

Subclinical stage of infectious diseases

A. Natural history of diseases
B. Spectrum of disease
C. Latency
D. Incubation

Answer 9

C

Question 10

Which of the following is the stage of subclinical disease for chronic diseases?

A. Natural history of disease
B. Spectrum o disease
C. Latency
D. Incubation

Answer 10

C

Question 11

The stage in the natural history of disease where there is infection and apparent causative symptoms

A. Infectivity
B. Pathogenicity
C. Virmulence
D. Carrier

Answer 11

B

Question 12

Most screening programs attempting to identify the disease process happens during which phase of its natural history?

A. Phase of susceptibility
B. Phase of subclinical disease
C. Phase of clinical disease
D. Phase of recovery, disability or death

Answer 12

B

Question 13

Smoking cessation is more cost effective in what stage of the distance? It is also the stage of exposure or accumulation of factors sufficient for disease to begin in a susceptible person:

A. Stage of susceptibility
B. Stage of subclinical
C. Stage of clinical
D. Stage of outcome

Answer 13

A

Question 14

40y.o. father beginning to form small plaques in coronary arteries but asymptomatic

A. Healthy individual
B. Biologic Onset
C. Symptomatic / Clinical Onset
D. Outcome: cure, death, chronic stage, disability

Answer 14

B

Question 15

12y.o. boy with cerebral palsy diagnosed at 1 year

of age
A. Healthy individual
B. Biologic Onset
C. Symptomatic / Clinical Onset
D. Outcome: cure, death, chronic stage, disability

Answer 15

D

Question 16

50y.o. woman with blurred vision diagnosed with

cataracts due to diabetes
A. Healthy individual
B. Biologic Onset
C. Symptomatic / Clinical Onset
D. Outcome: cure, death, chronic stage, disability

Answer 16

D