NATURAL HAZARDS FOR TEST

Question 1

What is climate change?

Answer 1

The long term, large scale shift in the earth’s weather patterns or average temperatures.

Question 2

What is global warming?

Answer 2

The gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth’s temperatures.

Question 3

What are natural causes of climate change?

Answer 3

Orbital changes, volcanic activity, solar output.

Question 4

What are the human causes of climate change?

Answer 4

Fossil fuels, agriculture and deforestation.

Question 5

What is mitigation?

Answer 5

Reducing the causes of a certain event e.g climate change.

Question 6

How can we mitigate to climate change?

Answer 6

Alternative energy production & international policies

Question 7

What is adaptation?

Answer 7

Responding to the changes to limit its impacts or to take advantage of the change.

Question 8

How can we adapt to climate change?

Answer 8

Managing water supplies & changes to agriculture.

Question 9

How can we plan for a natural hazard?

Answer 9

Drills in schools and offices, building ‘storm proof’ homes

Question 10

How can we predict natural hazards?

Answer 10

Use data from radars & satellites to calculate a predicted storm path.

Question 11

How can we protect against natural hazards?

Answer 11

Buildings on stilts to protect from flood water, reinforced concrete that can withstand storms

Question 12

Where do most tropical storms form?

Answer 12

Near the equator, wherever the ocean is above 27.5 degrees

Question 13

How are tropical storms formed?

Answer 13

High sea temp. of 27.5 causes warm air to rise from ocean in thermals, air cools and condenses forming towering thunderstorm clouds (as air condenses heat is released which powers the storm), several storms join together to form 1 giant one, gain more strength as it passes ocean but is released when reaches land

Question 14

What are the characteristics of tropical storms?

Answer 14

Move at 16-24km/h, height may exceed 13km, eye in centre of storm can be between 16-48km

Question 15

Is UK Weather becoming more extreme?

Answer 15

4 out of the 5 hottest years in the UK have occurred since 2000, highest 2 day rainfall happened in 2015, highest daily temperature happened in 2003

Question 16

What happens at a constructive plate boundary?

Answer 16

Plates pull/move apart from each other, magma in mantle rises to fill the gap causing a volcano, can also cause an earthquake

Question 17

What happens at a conservative plate boundary?

Answer 17

Plates move alongside each other or in opposite directions, friction and power builds up until it is suddenly released in the form of an earthquake

Question 18

What happens at a destructive plate boundary?

Answer 18

Plates move towards each other, the more dense plate subducts into the subduction zone whilst the less dense plate rises to form a volcano or to cause an earthquake