Natural Hazards Flashcards
What is a natural hazard?
Is a natural process which could cause death, injury or disruption to people or damage property
What is a natural disaster?
A natural hazard which has already happened
What is a natural event?
When people or property are not threatened
What is a tectonic hazard?
When the tectonic plates move to cause damage to the land above
What is a atmospheric hazard
Hazards that happen in the atmosphere. E.g. tornado
What is a geomorphological hazard?
Anything that happens on the earths surface . E.g. landslide
What is a biological hazard?
Disease that effect people i many ways. E.g. covid
What is hazard risk?
Is the chance or probability of being affected by a natural event
Factors increasing the risk from natural hazards
Urbanisation
Poverty
Population increase
Capacity to cope
Climate change
Farming
Why do tectonic plates move?
One theory is due to convection currents. Magma in the mantle is heated by the core, it starts to cool and sink back down. This process continues creating a circular motion known a convection currents.
Destructive plate boundary explanation
Two plates are moving towards one another. When the two plates meet a deep ocean trench is formed. The oceanic plate is always pulled under the continental plate. Pressure builds up which causes underwater earthquakes which lead to tsunami. When 2 continental plates move together, fold mountains are formed.
Hazards/ landforms from destructive plates
Earthquakes
Violent eruptions of volcanoes
Tsunami
Examples from destructive plates
Nazca plate(oceanic plate)
American plate( continental plate)
Conservative plate boundary explanation
When two plates are moving past each other. Friction between plates cause earthquakes. Earthquakes happen when the two plates slip and shift
Hazards/landforms conservative plate
Earthquakes
Example of conservative plate
San Andreas Fault
Constructive plate boundary explanation
Two plates are moving apart. Magma is forcing its way before its cooled to form new land. Lava will flow a long way before cooling and will cause shield volcanoes
Hazards/landforms constructive plate
Earthquakes(weak)
Violent volcanoes