natural hazards Flashcards
what is a natural hazard ?
a natural event that posed risks to people and property
what are atmospheric hazards?
a hazard caused by weather and climate processes
e.g: a tornado or tropical storm
what is a geological hazard?
a hazard caused by land or tectonic processes
e.g: earthquake or volcanic eruption
what is geography
the study of the physical features of the earth and its atmosphere, and of human activity as it affects and is affected by these, including the distribution of populations and resources and political and economic activities.
what are the two main categories of natural hazards
geological and atmospheric
is an earthquake geological or atmospheric and define it
An earthquake is geological and it is shaking of the ground. it happens when tectonic plates move suddenly.
is landslide geological or atmospheric and define it
landslide is geological and it is collapse of mass of earth or rock from a mountain or cliff.
is a tropical storm geological or atmospheric and define it
tropical storm is atmospheric and it is a powerful storm (spiralling) that moves more than 75 miles per hour. brings intense wind and heavy rain.
is a volcanic eruption geological or atmospheric and define it
geological and it is when a volcano emote materials such as ash,gas and lava
is an avalanche geological or atmospheric and define it
an avalanche is geological and it is a mass of snow and ice falling rapidly down a mountainslide .
how may a tropical storm pose risk to people and property
A tropical storm may pose risk to people by putting people into difficulties by the water which may harm them. It may also pose risk to property because the wind and heavy rain may damage houses and building. it can also damage railways and roads.
what is deforestation
the deliberate cutting down of trees
what is urbanisation
when the percentage of living in towns or cities increases
what is a hazard risk ?
the probability or chance that a natural hazard with occur.
what is climate change ?
A long term change in the earths weather patterns e.g temperature and rainfall
define a plate boundary
the edge of a tectonic plate,where two plates meet
define a constructive plate margin
where two plates pull apart,magma rises forming new land
define a destructive
where oceanic and continental plates collide
define a conservative plate margin
where two plates slide alongside eachother
describe the distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes
most earthquake and volcanic zones are found close to tectonic plate boundaries.
70% of all earthquakes are found in the ‘ring of fire’ in the pacific ocean
what are the different factors that affect risk
deforestation-causes soil to erode,prevents rain water from soaking into the ground. increases flooding
urbanisation-the more people living in cities=the impact of natural hazards increase. a higher death toll
climate change-rising temperature causes ice caps to melt which causes sea levels to rise+flood risks
level of development-earthquake proof buildings reduce death from building collapse. poorer countries= many deaths
where is the epicentre
on the surface directly above the focus
when did the haiti earthquake happen
on tuesday 12th january 2010 an earthquake measuring 7.0 struck haiti.
it is an lic near where the caribbean and north america plates meet.
what are primary effects
directs result of something
what are secondary effects
the knock of effects that come from the primary effects
flooding caused by landslide into a lake or river
