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Geography > Natural Disasters > Flashcards

Natural Disasters Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the definition of a natural disaster?

A

A disaster that happens and causes damage to the people and or the natural environment.

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2
Q

Name 4 risks that can make a natural disaster worse?

A

Population, Poverty, Climate Change, Farming.

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3
Q

Name an example for Population that makes the hazard risk higher?

A

Los Angeles is over populated and is at risk of an earthquake.

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4
Q

Name an example for poverty that makes the hazard risk higher?

A

Haiti is an LIC and got hit by an earthquake in 2010.

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5
Q

Name an example for Climate Change that makes the hazard risk higher?

A

All over the world there is a risk of drought because of the rising earths temperature.

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6
Q

Name an example for Farming that makes the hazard risk higher?

A

In Bangladesh there is problems with people making homes along a flood plain.

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7
Q

Describe High Pressure weather?

A

1) Hot air rises
2) Cold air gets pushed aside
3) The cold air sinks and the air pressure rises giving high pressure
4) As the cold air sinks it warms up so no clouds form and the sky stays clear.

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8
Q

Describe low pressure weather?

A

1) Warm air rises so the air pressure is low
2) The rises air leaves a gap so air rushes in to take its place
3) As the warm air rises it cools and clouds form then it rains.

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9
Q

What are Low Pressure conditions?

A

Cloudy
Could Rain
Windy

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10
Q

What are the High Pressure conditions in summer?

A

Hot
Not Cloudy
Evenings are cool

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11
Q

What are the High Pressure conditions in Winter?

A

Cold
Clear
Bright

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12
Q

Where do winds always go?

A

Towards the nearest Low Pressure.

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13
Q

Name examples of the Hadley Cell?

A

Sahara Desert

Amazon Rainforest

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14
Q

Name examples of a Ferrel Cell?

A

The temperate Uk

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15
Q

Name example of a Polar Cell?

A

Dry Antarctica

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16
Q

Which direction do tropical storms always move?

A

West and away from the equator

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17
Q

Where do tropical storms usually form?

A

Warmer oceans above 27 degrees Celsius they form 5-15 degrees north and south of the equator because at the equator there is not enough ‘spin’

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18
Q

Definition of a Tropical Storm?

A

A Tropical Storm is a huge storm that develops in the tropics. They are called different things depending on where you are in the world.

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19
Q

Definition of a Coriolis Effect?

A

An apparent rather than real force which causes the deflection of moving objects especially of air streams through the rotation of the earth on its axis.

20
Q

How do storms form?

A

A strong upward movement of air draws water vapour up from the warm ocean surface the air is drawn into the centre of the storm as the warm air rises it condenses to form towering thunderstorm clouds it continues to draw more water up from the ocean surface there are usually 15-20km tall sea level winds spiral outwards.

21
Q

Are the percentages of intense hurricanes decreasing or increasing?

A

Increasing

22
Q

Where did Hurricane Sandy move?

A

It began as a category 1 hurricane that made landfall in Kingston,Jamaica on 24th October. It moved over Cuba and the Bahamas causing lots of damage before hitting New Jersey on the 29th October. It then weakened in strength as it made landfall in the USA.

23
Q

How many people died in Hurricane Sandy?

A

149 people

24
Q

How many homes were destroyed due to a fire in Queens ?

A

80

25
Q

How many homes were damaged in New Jersey and New York?

A

346,000 homes in New York

305,000 homes in New Jersey

26
Q

How many airports were shut and for how many days ?

A

3 airports and 2 days

27
Q

How much money worth of damage was caused to businesses and homes?

A

$50 billion worth of damage

28
Q

How many private jobs did New York State lose?

A

29,000 private jobs

29
Q

When did Typhoon Haiyan happen?

A

In November 2013 a category 5 storm.

30
Q

How many people died in Typhoon Haiyan?

A

6,300

31
Q

How many mile per hour winds were there?

A

160mph winds make this the strongest tropical storm event on record.

32
Q

How many people were left homeless in the city of Tacloban

A

220,000 people were left homeless.

33
Q

How high are the waves in Typhoon Haiyan?

A

Waves are as high as 15m or 45ft.

34
Q

How many people were left with no source of income?

A

6 million

35
Q

Definition of Monitoring and examples?

A

They just observe the movement and don’t necessary tell the public. They use super computers to monitor the formation of storms.

36
Q

Definition of Prediction and examples?

A

They watch a Tropical Storm and they now move on to warning people about a potential storm. They use aircraft flown through the storm to record wind speeds.

37
Q

Definition of Protection and examples?

A

This protects homes by making them sturdy and strong. Installing storm shutters on windows and following the advice of the FEMA also reinforcing doors and windows.

38
Q

Definition of Planning and examples?

A

They try to make people educated on what to do and to raise awareness. Having a plan with your family and preparing disaster supply kits.

39
Q

What is the difference between immediate responses and long term responses?

A

Immediate responses are: shelter food water and medical help
Long Term responses are: mental health rebuilding homes and regaining jobs and a steady income

40
Q

Name all the air masses and where they come from?

A

Polar Air Mass= North= cold winds
Continental Air Mass= East= dry and cold
Tropical Air Mass= South= hot and sunny
Maritime Air Mass= West= heavy rain and strong winds

41
Q

What are thunderstorms?

A

Large electrical storms can occur after periods of prolonged heat they can cause fires deaths and damage to property, in 2014 a large electrical storm led to 3000 lightening strikes across the south of Britain.

42
Q

What is Prolonged Rain?

A

Persistent rainfall over a long period of time it can lead to river floods and damage to possessions, transport links and more. During the wet winter of 2014 flooding was widespread across much of Southern England.

43
Q

What is Strong Winds?

A

They hit the west of the uk because they can be hit by the remnants of hurricanes which travel over the Atlantic they can cause damage to property and disruption to travel in feb 2014 winds of 105 mph left 21000 people without power.

44
Q

What is a heatwave?

A

Very high temperatures over a prolonged period. It can dangerous for the frail and elderly because of it being hard to breathe in 2003 much of Europe suffered a heatwave 20,000 people died.

45
Q

What is a drought?

A

It is a lack of precipitation over a prolonged period of time this can lead to rivers running dry and rules to conserve water such as the hosepipe ban. Reservoir levels can run seriously low this is shown by in the south east of England in 2012

46
Q

What is Heavy Snow and Extreme Cold?

A

Long periods of severe winter weather. Snow and ice can cause deaths and injuries due to slipping. People in the North of the Uk such as in the winter of 2010 were put under great hardship.

47
Q

Where is Cumbria?

A

Cumbria is a North West county on the coast near the Lake District and is a rural area. It has a national park and is a sparsely populated area. it is located in England.

Geography (5 decks)

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