Natural disasters Flashcards
The point where an earthquake occurs
Focus
A sudden movement in the earth
Earthquake
A crack in rock below the earth’s surface
Fault
The point on the surface above an earthquake
Epicentre
Molten rock beneath the volcano
Magma
The pipe that carries magma up the volcano to the surface
Vent
Funnel-shaped hollow at the top of the volcano
Crater
Molten rock that flows out of the volcano and hardens at the surface
Lava
Tiny pieces of rock and lumps of solidified lava from the volcano
Volcanic bombs
Shape of the volcano formed by layers of ash and lava
Cone
Smaller cone that may grow where a small vent reaches the surface
Subsidiary cone
Where do volcanoes and earthquakes occur?
On a plate boundary
What is the outside layer of the earth called?
Crust
What the layer beneath the crust?
Mantle
What type of boundary is formed when a the plates move together forming a fold mountain?
Destructive plate boundary
What does a destructive plate boundary cause?
Earthquake
What type of boundary is formed when the plates move in opposite directions or the same way?
Conservative plate boundary
What does a conservative plate boundary cause?
An earthquake
What type of boundary is formed when a heavy continental plate is pushed down forming an oceanic trench?
A destructive subduction zone boundary
What does a destructive subduction zone plate boundary cause?
An earthquake and a volcano
What type of plate boundary is formed when plates move apart due to convection currents?
A constructive plate boundary
What does a constructive plate boundary cause?
Volcano or a volcanic island
Where do volcanoes and earthquakes occur?
On plate boundaries
What is an MEDC?
More economically developed country
What is an LEDC?
Less economically developed country
What are the three steps to human response ?
Plan, predict, take cation
What is infrastructure?
Communications around a place. To have running water, buildings and a good economy: radio, TV, broadband
What are short term responses after a natural disaster?
Doctors, nurses, fireman, rescue teams, the army, rush to the scene
What are the long term responses after a natural disaster?
Employ scientists to predict when another disaster will strike
