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APUSH > Native Americans Reading > Flashcards

Native Americans Reading Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

Line of settlements from (N/S)

A

Central Texas to Canada

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2
Q

Locations of white people in West before Civil War

A

Line from TX to Canada,
Southwest Spanish-Mexicans,
Mormons in Utah,
Occasional trading post/gold camp

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3
Q

The Great West

A

Land between settlement line and Pacific coast

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4
Q

Dimensions of the Great West

A

1,000 x 1,000 miles

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5
Q

Native population in 1860

A

360,000

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6
Q

Pre-white conflicts/migrations

A

Comanches > Apaches from central plains (18th century), went to Rio Grande Valley
Mandans & Chippewas > Cheyenne, became nomadic
Sioux left Great Lakes for plains, fought Crows, Kiowad & Pawnees, became nomadic

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7
Q

Cheyenne and Sioux

A

Nomadic, wide-range traders, hunted buffalo, rode horses

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8
Q

What pre-civil war whites brought upon native lands

A 
Disease
-cholera
-typhoid
-smallpox
Less bison
-hunted
-took grazing land for livestock
More unrest
-scarcer hunting grounds, more tribal fights over it
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9
Q

Where treaties with Chiefs were attempted

A

Fort Laramie, 1851

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10
Q

When did reservation herding begin

A

1860s

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11
Q

2 reservations

A

Great Sioux Reservation - Dakotas

Indian Territory - Oklahoma

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12
Q

Sand Creek, CO, 1864

A

Colonel Chivington massacred 400 Indians promised immunity

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13
Q

Bighorn Mountains, WY, 1866

A

Sioux ambushed Captain Fetterman, 81 white soldiers and civilian men dead

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14
Q

Trail the federal gov gave up on through Montana

A

Bozeman Trail

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15
Q

What happened in the Black Hills, SD, 1874

A

Colonel Custer announces gold, prospectors flood there, Sioux get pissed

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16
Q

Little Bighorn River, MT, 1876

A

Custer attacks 2,500 Sioux, all 264 whites killed

Referred to as a massacre

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17
Q

Nez Percé of NE Oregon lead by

A

Chief Joseph (1877)

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18
Q

What did Chief Joseph try to do?

A

Lead band to Canada to meet Sitting Bull

19
Q

Length of trek the Nez Percé warriors traveled

A

1,700 miles (3 months)

20
Q

What happened to the Nez Percé band

A

Surrendered in 1877, promised to be taken to Idaho, taken to Kansas, 40% died of disease

21
Q

Who lead Apache of Arizona and New Mexico

A

Geronimo

22
Q

What happened to the Apache tribe

A

Persued into Mexico, scattered warriors forced to surrender, women exiled to Florida

23
Q

5 factors of Natives defeat

A 
Railroad
Racism 
White diseases
Alcholism
Buffalo near-extinction
24
Q

Reason for Buffalo extermination

A

Kansas Pacific locomotive held up 8 hrs for herd to pass by

25
Q

Buffalo Bill Cody killed how many buffalo

A

4,000 in 18 months

26
Q

Buffalo Bill employed by

A

Kansas Pacific locomotive

27
Q

Number of Buffalo in 1865

A

15 million

28
Q

Number of Buffalo in 1885

A

Less than 1,000

29
Q

When do white people start feeling bad

A

1880s

30
Q

Writer who gained public support for Indians

A

Helen Hunt

31
Q

Books that gained Natives support

A

A Century of Dishonor

Ramona

32
Q

Withheld food in exchange for religious conversion and assimilation

A

Christian reformers

33
Q

Facilitated education programs on the reservations

A

Christian reformers

34
Q

Outlawed in 1884

A

Sun Dance outlawed

35
Q

1890 massacre over Ghost Dance

A 
Battle of Wounded Knee
200 NA (all), 29 soldiers died
36
Q

Dawes Severalty Act (1887)

A

Dissolved tribes as legal entities
No tribal land ownership
Each individual family got 160 acres
If acted like “good white settlers”, they were promised title and citizenship in 25 years (later extended)

37
Q

Year all natives got citizenship

A

1924

38
Q

Carlisle Indian School, PN, 1879

A

First boarding school for assimilating native children

Took children from tribe/family, taught English, raised white

39
Q

Field Matrons did what

A

Taught Native women sewing, and preached chastity and hygiene

40
Q

Dawes Act remained in place until

A

1934

41
Q

What replaced the Dawes Act in 1934

A

Indian Reorganization Act

“Indian New Deal”

42
Q

Native population in 1887

A

243,000 natives

43
Q

Native population in 2000

A

4.7 million native Americans

APUSH (2 decks)

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