Nationalism

Question 1

What was von Herder’s most famous work and when was it written?

Answer 1

Treatise on the Origin of Language, 1772

Question 2

How did von Herder view human nature?

Answer 2

People see their own identity in terms of the collective cultural group they belong to

Question 3

How did von Herder view the state?

Answer 3

States can only be based on the collective identity of a people with common cultural and linguistic heritage

Question 4

How did von Herder view society?

Answer 4

Society is a cultural concept, it is based on a shared sense of cultural and national heritage.

Question 5

How did von Herder view the economy?

Answer 5

Von Herder made no special link between the nation and the economy, but opposed liberal ideas and favoured a national community which would suggest an opposition to capitalism.

Question 6

What was Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s most influential text on nationalism?

Answer 6

Considerations on the Government of Poland, 1771-72

Question 7

What was Rousseau’s view on human nature?

Answer 7

Humans are rational and have a desire for freedom

Question 8

What was Rousseau’s view on the state?

Answer 8

The basis for any legitimate state must be the nation

Question 9

What was Rousseau’s view on society?

Answer 9

There is a general will amongst the people of a nation state

Question 10

What was Rousseau’s view on the economy?

Answer 10

Rousseau made no link between nationalism and the economy, and as his intended nation state would be democratic it would form its own economic system

Question 11

What political group did Giuseppe Mazzini found?

Answer 11

Young Italy in the 1831

Question 12

What was Mazzini’s view on human nature?

Answer 12

People have a romantic vision of their origins, humans seek liberty for themselves and their nation

Question 13

How did Mazzini view the state?

Answer 13

The nation-state is a romantic ideal, the ultimate expression of the unity of a nation

Question 14

What was Mazzini’s view on society?

Answer 14

Society must allow personal freedom to flourish

Question 15

What was Mazzini’s view on the economy?

Answer 15

Economic freedom is a natural result of general freedom enjoyed by nations and their peoples

Question 16

How did Maurras view human nature?

Answer 16

Ethnic identity is a key aspect of our consciousness

Question 17

How did Maurras view the state?

Answer 17

Various nation-states do not have equal status, some states are superior to others because of the people who form the nation

Question 18

How did Maurras view society?

Answer 18

Society is based on a shared sense of ethnicity, some societies and cultures are superior to others

Question 19

How did Maurras view the economy?

Answer 19

The superiority of one nation naturally leads to the economic dominance of that nation over others

Question 20

What was the name of Charles Maurras’ journal?

Answer 20

Action Française

Question 21

What was the name of Marcus Garvey‘s journal?

Answer 21

Negro World

Question 22

What was Garvey’s view on human nature?

Answer 22

All people are either part of a race, such as the black race which was scattered by white colonialism, and this defines our identity

Question 23

How did Garvey view the state?

Answer 23

Western states are the artificial products of white supremacy and the only legitimate nation-state can be the united state of black peoples

Question 24

How did Garvey view society?

Answer 24

Black society will be superior to white society when the artificial restrictions of white colonialism have been abolished

Question 25

How did Garvey view the economy?

Answer 25

Garvey opposed both international capitalism because of its link to white imperialism, and Leninism because of its dictatorial nature. Black people should form their own economic system