Nationalism Flashcards
What do you mean by nationalism?
The love for a nation or sense of belonging arising from common language, history, territory, et cetera
What is the striking feature of Indian nationalism?
The Republic Day parade in Delhi
What were the phases of nationalism?
- In 19 century Europe, it led to unification of small kingdoms and nation states.
- German and Italian states were formed through unification and consolidation.
- Large number of new states were founded in Latin America.
Nationalism is a strong political_______ that brings people together, but also________
- Belief. 2. Divides them.
Nationalism contributed to break up of which two large empires?
Austro Hungarian and Russian empires
Nationalism also led to the breakup of which four empires in Asia and Africa?
British, French, Dutch, and Portuguese
Struggle for freedom from colonial rule in India were which struggles?
Nationalist struggles
The nationalist struggles for freedom from colonial rule in India were inspired by?
Desire to establish nation states independent from any foreign control.
Which are the four main separated movements?
Quebecois in Canada
Basques in northern Spain
Kurds in Turkey and Iraq
Tamils in Sri Lanka
What is the nation in simple terms?
A nation is a group of people who share a common identity which can be based on factors like language, culture, history, religion, ethnicity, etc.
A nation is to a great extent an __________
Imagined community.
What are the five assumptions people make about a nation?
- Shared beliefs.
- History.
- Territory.
- Shared political ideals.
- Common political identity.
How can nations be compared to teams?
In a team, people work or play together and conceive themselves as a collective group . A nation exists, when its members believe that they belong together.
When speaking of people of a nation we refer to their____________. Rather than their____________.
- Collective identity and vision for the future. 2. Physical characteristics or behaviour.
People who see themselves as a nation also embody a sense of continuing historical identity. What does this mean?
This means that nations perceive themselves as STRETCHING back into the past as well as REACHING into the future.
Sense of history comes from?
Collective memories, legends, historical records. This outlines the continuing identity of a nation.
How can we say that India has had a long and continuing history?
By mentioning our ancient civilisation, cultural heritage and other achievements
Discovery of India was written by?
Jawaharlal Nehru
Jawaharlal Nehru wrote, which book?
The discovery of India
What does Nehru talk about in his book discovery of India?
He talks about how there was immense variety and diversity among the people, but everywhere there was oneness. This held all of us together, regardless of whatever misfortune fell on us.
How do nations with a particular territory get sense of belonging?
Sharing a common past and living together on a particular territory over a long period of time gives people sense of their collective belonging.
People who see themselves as the nation speak of a ___________.
Home land
In spite of being dispersed, Jewish people always claim their original homeland was
In Palestine, the promised land.
Why has aspiration for a homeland been a major cause of conflict in the world?
This conflict arises when more than one set of people, lay claim to the same territory.
What distinguishes groups from nations?
It is a shared vision of the future and the collective aspiration to have an independent political existence that distinguishes groups from nations.
People acknowledge values and principles such as?
Democracy, secularism, and liberalism
What do ideals such as democracy, secularism, and liberalism do?
These ideals provide the terms under which the citizens of a nation agree to coexist.
When citizens of a nation agreed to exist under certain ideals, what does this represent?
Their political identity as a nation
In a democracy, it is __________ to a set of ____________ that is the most desirable basis of a political community or a nation state.
- Shared commitment. 2. Political ideals and values.
People are bound to a set of obligations. These obligations arise from?
Obligation arise from the recognition of rights of each other as citizens.
How is a nation strengthened?
A nation is strengthened when its people ACKNOWLEDGE and ACCEPT their obligations to their fellow members.
Many people believe that shared political vision about the state, we wish to create is not enough to be individuals together. Therefore, they seek ______________.
Shared cultural identity. (Common lang, common religion etc)
Two reasons why shared cultural identity can surely bring people together, but it can be a threat to the values of democracy:
- All religions are INTERNALLY DIVERSE as a result within each religion, where a number of SECTS . Ignoring such differences and making an identity on the basis of common religion is likely to create a highly authoritative and oppressive society.
- More societies are CULTURALLY DIVERSE. People belong to different religions and speak different languages to impose a single religious or linguistic identity as a condition of belonging would severely limit the ideal that we cherished the most in a democracy EQUAL TREATMENT AND LIBERTY, FOR ALL.
It is desirable to imagine the nation in _________ rather than_______ terms.
- Political. 2. Cultural.
What do you mean by pluralism?
~It is the belief in coexistence and mutual respect of diverse cultures, religions, and ethnic groups within a society.
~It supports the idea that these differences make a society richer and that no single cultural identity should dominate others.
When you talk about nationalism and pluralism together, what do we get?
Together, when we talk about nationalism and pluralism. We see how a nation can foster a strong sense of unity and identity while still respecting and including minority groups.
What are the three main group rights that are granted?
Constitutional protection for:
1. Language.
2. Culture.
3. Religion
4. Right to representation in legislature and other state institutions.
The group rights given to religious groups are justifiable on the grounds that they provide _____,______,_______.
Equal treatment, protection, protection for cultural identity.
What are the challenges of right to self determination?
Creates too many economically and politically weak states.
Multiply problem for minorities.
What is the re-interpretation of right to self determination?
This right is reinterpreted as to granting certain democratic rights within the existing states to avoid creation of separate countries for each group.
When nationalism is linked to ____________ it can lead to division within society and sometimes even violence
Strong identity claims
What happens if nationalism becomes tolerant and inforces homogeneity?
It can threaten pluralism and diversity of identities within society. Leading to separation of various identities.
Rabindranath Tagore strongly opposed western imperialism(British Raj) but did not completely reject western civilisation. True or false?
True
