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Intro to sociology Test #2 > National Government Midterm > Flashcards

National Government Midterm Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the Purpose of the Government?

A
  • social institution that
    controls the behavior of people
  • It manages conflicts, establishes
    order, and devises rules and
    regulations
  • It has the authority to make decisions
    for you and all those who live in a
    society
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2
Q

Democracy (Principles of Democracy)

A

a system of government in which political
power is exercised by the people

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3
Q

Direct Democracy (Principles of Democracy)

A

a democracy in which the people are
able to participate directly in decision making

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4
Q

Indirect (or Representative) Democracy
(Principles of Democracy)

A

-people do not
participate in decision making and instead elect
individual to represent their interests

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5
Q

Constitution (Principles of Democracy)

A

a set of formal written rules and principles
governing a state

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6
Q

Constitutional democracy (Principles of Democracy)

A

a government that derives
its authority from a constitution

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7
Q

What are the functions of the government?

A

Provision of security by maintaining armed forces to protect from an attack

  • Provide for the public good, a policy or action that benefits society
  • Responsibility to address issues and problems that impact the well-being of society through laws and regulations
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8
Q

What are some examples of Security?

A

Protection from unfair business practices, discrimination, and denial of rights

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9
Q

What are Federal Powers?

A

Express powers
Implied powers
Inherent powers

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10
Q

Express powers

A

powers listed (enumerated) in the
constitution for the Federal government: go to war, raise an army, regulate interstate and foreign commerce, establish post offices

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11
Q

Implied powers

A

Based on necessary and proper
clause (elastic clause) – gives congress flexibility to make laws necessary and proper for carrying out express powers

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12
Q

Inherent powers

A

Powers dealing with foreign policy
not in the constitution, but given to federal
government

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13
Q

What are the Bill of Rights?
First 10 amendments to the Constitution that guarantees individual and
states’ rights.

A

Amendment 1 – freedom of speech, assembly, petition, religion, press
* Amendment 2 – right to bear arms
* Amendment 3 – housing of soldiers
* Amendment 4 – no unreasonable searches and seizures
* Amendment 5 – right to a trial, no double jeopardy, individuals are not
required to testify against themselves
* Amendment 6 – right to a speedy, public, and impartial trial with lawyer
* Amendment 7 – jury trials
* Amendment 8 – no excessive bails or fines, no cruel and unusual
policies
* Amendment 9 – rights retained by the people
* Amendment 10 – powers not given to the federal government or denied
of the states are reserved to the states (states rights)

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14
Q

What is the legislative process?

A

Congress has two bodies, the House and the Senate, in order for a bill to pass it must be passed by both houses
* After a congressmen proposes a bill, the Speaker (in the
house) or the Majority leader (Senate) gives that bill to a committee, which gives it to a subcommittee
* Congress holds hearings to oversee the executive

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15
Q

Congress has the power to..

A

Create executive agencies (for example
the Department of Homeland Security)
* Authorizes and appropriates money
* Approves the budget

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16
Q

Senate is considered the

A

“upper house”

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17
Q

equal representation

A

Each state has two senators

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18
Q

Senators serve

A

six year terms
Tries impeached members of executive and judicial branches

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19
Q

The senate has the responsibility

A

of confirming presidential
appointments and nominees, ratifying treaties, and confirming the
budget

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20
Q

True or false : There is no rules committee, debate is always unlimited

A

True

21
Q

Because debate is unlimited, the minority party can filibuster

A

kill a bill by continuing to talk

22
Q

To end debate and a filibuster,

A

cloture (a vote by 3/5 of the senate) is
required

23
Q

Senate can also add riders to bills

A

irrelevant amendments

24
Q

The house is regarded as the

A

“lower house”

25
Q

States are given representatives

A

based on population

26
Q

The house impeaches members of

A

executive, judicial

27
Q

Representatives serve

A

two year terms
* Each rep. represents a certain congressional district

28
Q

The House has a Rules Committee

A

determines whether bills
have closed rule (no amendments, time limit on debate) or open rule (open to relevant, germane amendments, no time limit)

29
Q

The Leader of the House is the

A

Speaker of the House

30
Q

Speaker of the House

A

Assigns people to a committee that assigns people to committees, directs floor debate, and gives bills to appropriate committee

31
Q

Article II establishes the national government’s

A

executive branch

32
Q

Within the national government, the
executive branch

A

responsible for enforcing the laws.

33
Q

American presidents

A

-hold the most powerful office on
earth
- occupy a unique place at the center of
national and world events.

34
Q

chief executive, head of state, commander-in-chief, and leader of a political party,
(The President of the United States)

A

is also a prominent cultural figure, and a bellwether of the society they governs

35
Q

Chief of the executive branch

A
  • Oversees other members of the
    executive branch.
  • Issues executive orders to carry out and enforce the nation’s laws.
  • Supervises agencies that issue regulations under the authority of laws passed by Congress.
  • Takes care that the laws are
    faithfully executed.
  • Appoints executive branch officials, subject to Senate approval or rejection.
36
Q

Leader on the world stage:

A

-Conducts diplomacy with other nations.
- Negotiates treaties, which the Senate must either ratify or reject.
- Appoints ambassadors and other key foreign affairs officials such as the
secretary of state, subject to Senate approval or rejection

37
Q

Political party leader

A
  • Coordinates with party members in Congress to advance a legislative agenda.
  • Supports the election of members of the
    party
    -shapes the party’s broader messaging to the public.
38
Q

Ceremonial head of state

A

Delivers a State of the Union address to
Congress

39
Q

Commander in chief

A

Oversees the armed forces of the United States.

40
Q

Legislative power player:

A

-Proposes an annual budget, which sets out
legislative priorities.
-Deploys the Veto (and veto threat) to shape policy

41
Q

Architect of the federal judiciary

A

Appoints federal court judges and
Supreme Court justices, subject to Senate approval/rejection.

42
Q

Defender of the Constitution

A

Takes an oath to remain faithful to the
Constitution.

43
Q

Law enforcement

A

Appoints U.S. attorneys and key officials at the Department of Justice who prosecute those who violate national laws.
- Those appointments are subject to Senate approval or disapproval.
- Has the power to extend pardons or clemency for federal crimes

44
Q

National security

A

Appoints key figures involved in national security decisions like
-the secretary of defense,
-the director of the Central Intelligence
Agency
-the secretary of homeland security, subject to Senate approval or disapproval.
-Oversees their activities.

45
Q

Economic policy

A

Appoints key officials shaping economic policy, including
-The secretary of the Treasury
- The chair of the Federal Reserve, subject to
Senate approval or disapproval.
-Oversees their activities

46
Q

What is the structure of bureaucracy?

A

The federal bureaucracy is divided into four separate categories: (1) cabinet departments, (2) independent regulatory commissions, (3) independent executive agencies, and (4) government corporations.

47
Q

What are the three branches of government?

A

The three branches of government are Legislative, judicial and executive.

48
Q

What are Federal verse State Powers?

A

Intro to sociology Test #2 (2 decks)

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