National Board: Science Portion Flashcards
The Depressor Anguli Oris is also known as the ____ muscle.
Triangularis
A ____ is an elongated PROMINENCE adjoining a surface
Fold
Anatomical guide used to raise the brachial artery?
Biceps Brachii
Used to raise the axillary artery
Coracobrachialis
The MOST medial of the hand and lies LATERAL of the flexor digitorum superficialis.
Flexor Carpi Radialis
The medial boundary of the femoral triangle?
Adductor Longus
____ are red blood cells and are the most numerous corpuscles
Erythrocytes
Starts in the left ventricle and ends in the right atrium
Systemic flow of blood
Streptococci and Diplococci are both what?
BACTERIA!
Small ROD shaped and causes high fever that can last for a long time commonly referred to as āRabbit feverā
Francisella Tularensis
Allergic disease that causes an immediate reaction with a tubercle as the lesion left VERY HIGHLY LIPID LEVELS IN CELL WALL
Tuberculosis
Small ROD shaped and known as āBlack Deathā because it causes black lymph nodes
Yersinia Pestsis
An STD that causes chancre sores
Treponema Pallidum
Moist gangrene spreads ____
Quickly
Dry gangrene spreads ____
Slowly
Gas gangrene is ____ and is caused from clostridium perfringes
Infectious
Reduction of blood supply to an organ
Ischemia
Malignant tumor of fatty connective tissue
Liposarcoma
____ or āsulcusā is a CREVICE with an adjacent elevation
Furrow
The medium nose of the yellow āasianā race
Messorrhine
Groove at the end of the line of mouth closure is: ____ and is a: ____ facial marking
Angulus Oris Sulcus
Natural
Derma wax is known as
Medium Wax
Malignant tumor of the nervous tissue; BRAIN TUMOR
Glioma
Furrow originating from the wing of the nose to edge of the mouth is: ____ and is a: ____ facial marking
Nasolabio Sulcus
Acquired
The anterior fold of the cheek which descends laterally along the upper lip from the wing of the nose is the: ____ and is a : ____ facial marking
Nasolabial Fold
Natural
The junction of the lower integumentary lip and the superior chin is the : ____ and is a: ____
Labiomental Sulcus
Natural
Cn2+2 is the chemical formula for: ____
AlkANES
Cn2-2 is the chemical formula for: _____
AlkYNES
Generalized massive edema throughout subcutaneous tissue is ____
Anasarca
Accumulation of free serous fluid (edema) in the abdomal cavity: ____
Ascites
An abnormal development of tissue: ____
Dysplasia
Pus in the pleural cavity (lungs): ____
Empyemia
Loss of blood where life can no longer be sustained: _____
Exsanguination
The increased size of an organ or part due to the excessive but regulated increase in its number of cells: _____
Hyperplasia
The enlargement of an organ or part due to the increase in size of cells composing it:____
Hypertrophy
Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ or the body: ____
Hypoplasia
Increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood: ____
Leukocytosis
Abnormal reduction in the number of white blood cells in the blood: ____
Leukopenia
Bacillus āBacilliā are ____ shaped.
Rod
A double bacillus, two being linked end to end: ____
Diplobacilli
Coccus āCocciā is ___ shaped
Spherical/Round
Bacteria that occurs in pairs in such like spheres : ____
Diplococcus
Coxiella Bunetii is a ____ disease.
Rickettsia
Streptobacilli is a rod shaped bacteria occuring in: ____
Chains
Streptococci is a _____ shaped bacteria occuring in chains
Spherical
Decrease in body temperature immediately BEFORE death: ____
Algonal Algor
The escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location immediately BEFORE death: ____
Agonal Edema
Increase in body temperature immediately BEFORE death: ____
Algonal Fever
Post mortem cooling of the body to the surrounding temperature: ____
Algor Mortis
Before death means: ____
Antemortem
Necrosis, death of tissues of part of the body usually due to deficient or absent blood supply: ____
Gangrene
Decomposition of fats: ____
Lipolysis
Movement of the embalming fluids FROM the capillaries TO the tissues: ____
Diffusion
Postmortem, intravascular, red-blue discoloration resulting from hypostasis of blood: ____
Livor Mortis/Cadaveric Lividity
Extravascular color change that occurs when heme, released by hemolysis or red blood cells, seep through the vessel walls and into the body tissues: ____
Postmortem Stain
Decomposition of proteins: ____
Proteolysis
Postmortem stiffening of the body muscles by natural body processes: ____
Rigor Mortis
Decomposition of sugars: ____
Saccharolysis
A color not found in the visible spectrum; a neutral color such as white, gray, or black: ____
Achromatic Color
The settling of blood to the dependent parts of the body : ____
Hypostasis
The bacterial decomposition of carbohydrates: ____
Fermentation
Bacille is ____ shaped
Rod/Capsule
Staph and Strept infections are: ____
Bacteria
Corynebacterium Dyptheriaeās type of lesion: ____ and is: ____
Pseudomembrane
Rod Shaped
Treponemia Pallidumās lesion is: ____ and is: _____ shaped
Chancre/Gumma
Spirochete
What is not included in systemic circulation of blood?
Lungs
Where are the papillary muscles found in the heart?
(L) & R Ventricles
The face can be divided between what three equal parts?
Vertex of the Cranium
Line of Eye closure
Base of the Chin
Surfaces exhibiting similarity of bilateral curvature
Forehead
Cheeks
Superior āUpperā Lips
Chin
What is the standard WL of adult trocar?
16-18ā
What is the standard WL of an infant trocar?
7ā
The white crumbly substance that begins within days of death and becomes visible in about 3 months: _____
Adipocere āGrave Waxā
Staphyloccoci grows together in: ____
Clusters like grapes
Streptobacilli grows together (usually longer than two) in: ____
Chains
Diplobacilli grows together in: ____ usually end to end or one on top of each other
Pairs
What are the anatomical guides for locating the ear?
External Auditory Meatus
Zygomatic Arch
Mandibular Fossa
Mastoid Process
What will remove ink stains from the skin?
Lemon Juice
Petroleum Jelly
Cause of death Body Conditions Discolorations Postmortem changes Drugs are all: \_\_\_\_ factors
Intrinsic
Environmental
Postmortem interval
Embalmer
are all: ____ factors
Extrinsic
Sodium citrates, EDTA, Borax, and Sodium Phosphates are: ____
Buffers
Considerations using the: ____ artery is that the veins are relatively superficial, close to the center of circulation, and close to the face so danger of over injection of the face.
Axillary
What side of the heart is high (RED BLOOD) in oxygen?
Left
What side of the heart is low (BLUE BLOOD) in oxygen?
Right
What is the most āleak proofā stitch with a prominent ridge?
Lock āWhip or Drawā Stitch
Movement of fluid FROM the point of injection TO the capillaries: ____
Fluid Distribution
The primary reason for embalming?
DISINFECTION!
Round shaped diplococcus that is the most commonly reported STD
Neisseria Gonorrhera
Typhus Fever Q Fever Chlamydia Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever Psittacosis Tachoma Lyphogranulom Venerum NGU/NSU are all \_\_\_\_\_ infections
Rickettsia
The most common site of thrombosis: ____
Blood Vessels
The process of which there is a free floating object in the blood during life: ____
Embolism
Excess tissue fluid in the thoracic cavity:____
Hydrothrorax
Blue discoloration (especially upper extremities) caused by the lack of oxygen in the tissues: ____
Cyanosis
Where is the distended bladder located in the 9 region plan?
Hypogastric
In this method of drainage; drainage and injection is never done at the same time: ____
Alternate Drainage
What type of incision is used in emaciated or low neckline clothing: ____
Supraclavicular
What artery TERMINATES at the lateral border of the the first right rib?
Subclavian
What muscle is used as the anatomical guide to raise the iliac artery?
Psoas Major
What artery BEGINS at the lateral border of the first right rib?
Axillary
What muscle is used to separate the axillary artery from the brachial artery?
Teres Major
The progressive arrangement of colors (ROY G BIV) when a beam of light is broken down into component colors: ____
Spectrum
Variations of one hue: ____
Monochromatic Hue
Any two hues placed side by side: _____
Juxtaposition
____ is when the blood circulation slows and the formed elements of the blood begin to clot.
Agonal Coagulation
What three things are associated in the agonal stage?
Moribund Period
Death Rattle
Death Struggle
What is the accompanying vein(s) for the Aortic Artery?
Superior and Inferior Vena Cava
_____ is found midway between the medial malleolus and calcaneous tendon
Posterior (Back) Tibial Artery
What is found along the lateral margin of the inferior third of the crest of the tibia: ____
Anterior (Front) Tibial Artery
What is the center of circulation of embalming?
Arch of Aorta
The reason the right side of the heart has blue blood is because the right atrium and right ventricle: ____
Pumps un-oxygenated blood into the pulmonary veins
The reason the left side of the heart has red blood is because the left atrium and left ventricle: ____
Receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins
An elongated DEPRESSION on a relatively level plane or surface: ____
Groove
Nasolabial Sulcus Tranverse Frontal Sulci Interciliary Sulci Superior Palpebral Sulci Inferior Palpebral Sulcus Bucco-Facial Sulcus Mandibular Sulcus Labial Sulci Platysmal Sulci Cords of the neck Optic Facial Sulci Natural or Acquired?
Acquired
Phitrum Nasolabial Fold Nasal Sulcus Oblique Palpebral Sulcus Angulus Oris Eminence Angulus Oris Sulcus Labiomental Sulcus Submental Sulcus Dimples Natural or Acquired?
Natural
Cancer, Osteomyelitis, and Pagetās diesease all are prone to do what?
Predispose a bone to break
What are the two methods for restoring color in a deceased person?
Internal & External Methods
What are the warm areas of the face?
Cheeks Chin Ears Lips Foreheads (Males)
A substance used to impart color to an object , just as dye, pigment, ink, or pant: ____
Colorant
The period immediately before somatic death: ____
Agonal Period
In the PRESENCE of free oxygen: ____
Aerobic
In the ABSENCE of free oxygen: ____
Anaerobic
A term applied to a number of pathological conditions causing a thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries: ____
Arteriosclerosis
Self destruction of cells is: ____
Autolysis
Eyelashes are: ____
Cilia
Eyebrows are: ____
Supercilia
Anaerobic, saprophytic, spore-forming bacterium, responsible for tissue gas: ____
Clostridium Perfringes
Decomposition of proteins BY ENZYMES OF AEROBIC BACTERIA: ____
Decay
The settling of of fluids by gravitational force to the dependent areas of the body: ____
Gravity Filtration
Depression between the mental eminence and the inferior incisor teeth: ____
Incisive Fossa
Plastic garmet that covers the entire body: _____
Unionall
The process by which suspended particles settle to the bottom of a liquid is: ____
Sedimentation
Arterial tubes connections can be identified as which of the following?
a. ) Quick-Clamp
b. ) Threaded
c. ) Slip-Type
d. ) Luer-Lock
b. ) Threaded
c. ) Slip - Lock
d. ) Luer - Lock
A secondary injection point used to clear the hand and fingers is: ____
Ulnar Artery
Which of the following injection sites should be used when embalming a newborn infant?
a. ) Ascending Aorta
b. ) Right Common Carotid
c. ) Abdominal Aorta
d. ) Right Brachial Artery
a. ) Ascending Aorta
b. ) Right Common Carotid
c. ) Abdominal Aorta
Minerals that cause hard water also create problems in embalming because they promote: _____
Blood Clotting
Which of the following may be used in the preparation of an autopsied body?
a. ) Kapoc
b. ) Wetting Agent
c. ) Anhydrous Lime
d. ) Hardening Compound
d.) Hardening Compound
In regards to the formaldehyde exposure level readings, the action level is: ____
a. ) 0.5 ppm
b. ) 1.0 ppm
c. ) 1.5 ppm
d. ) 2.0 ppm
a.) 0.5 ppm
When embalming an autopsied body, which of the following arteries should the funeral practitioner use to obtain the most complete fluid distribution to the upper extremities: _____
a. ) Ulna
b. ) Brachial
c. ) Subclavian
d. ) Common Carotid
c.) Subclavian
Low index fluids used to inhibit bilirubin from converting to biliverdin are known as: ____
a. ) Humectants
b. ) Surfactants
c. ) Buffers
d. ) Jaundice Fluids
d.) Jaundice Fluids
An arterial hemostat is useful to the embalmer for: ____
a. ) Clamping a vessel
b. ) Assisting drainage
c. ) Closing an incision
d. ) Reducing tissue distention
a.) Clamping off a vessel
What organ should be given special attention to when embalming a baby?
a. ) Liver
b. ) Lungs
c. ) Kidneys
d. ) Brain
d.) Brain
Continuous drainage during injection is called: ____
a. ) Alternate
b. ) Concurrent
c. ) Interrupted
d. ) Intermittent
b.) Concurrent
A suture commonly used to close a trocar puncture is the: ____
a. ) Whip Stitch
b. ) Intradermal
c. ) Purse String
d. ) Basket Weave
c.) Purse String
Within the 9-region plan of abdominal division, the central region is termed the: ____
a. ) Inguinal
b. ) Umbilical
c. ) Peritoneal
d. ) Hypogastric
b.) Umbilical
A death was from natural causes, but the body is refrigerated for 24 hours prior to embalming. No autopsy is performed, In order to minimize abdominal distention and prevent purge, it is important to: ____
a. ) Inject Slowly
b. ) Inject a strong arterial solution
c. ) Embalm the head first
d. ) Embalm the lower extremities
a.) Inject slowly
When embalming the average adult weighting from 125 to 175 pounds, the minimum volumn of arterial injection fluid is: ____
a. ) 1 - 2 gallons
b. ) 3 - 4 gallons
c. ) 5 - 6 gallons
d. ) 7 - 8 gallons
b.) 3 - 4 gallons
A thrombus in the iliac veins would: ____
a. ) Decrease drainage from the upper extremities
b. ) Decrease drainage from the lower extremities
c. ) Increase circulation to upper extremities
d. ) Increase circulation to lower extremities
b.) Decrease drainage from the lower extremities
When a body exhibits an increased or excessive amount of bilirubin, the embalming is BEST done with: ____
a. ) Jaundice Fluids
b. ) Accessory Fluids
c. ) Coinjection Fluids
d. ) Preinjection Fluids
a.) Jaundice fluids
A coffee ground appearance and foul odor would designate postmortem purge originating from the: _____
a. ) Stomach
b. ) Brain
c. ) Lungs
d. ) Esophagus
a.) Stomach
During a telephone call from an out of state relative of the deceased, verbal authorization was NOT secured. To later charge for the embalming that was performed, the funeral practitioner must: ____
- Inform the relative of the embalming and the cost
- Inform the relative of the embalming, make disclosure, and request written authorization
- Inform the relative of the oversight and indicate that embalming is required by law
- Include the cost under the basic staff services
- Inform the relative of the embalming, make disclosure, and request written authorization
Which of the following vaccines MUST be offered to removal personnel?
a. ) Polio
b. ) Tetanus
c. )Smallpox
d. ) Hepatitis B
d.) Hepatitis B
An example of an extravehicular resistance to fluid distribution would be: _____
a. ) Thrombi
b. ) Rigor Mortis
c. ) Blood Viscosity
d. ) Arteriosclerosis
b.) Rigor Mortis
A device that uses water pressure to produce a vacuum from removal of fluids and gas in the visceral cavities is a: ____
a. ) Trocar
b. ) Cannula
c. ) Bulb Syringe
d. ) Hydroaspirator
d.) Hydroaspirator
When posing features, the eyelids should: ____
Abut
More water can be removed from tissues with embalming fluids that are: ____
a. ) Surfactants
b. ) Anticoagulants
c. ) Hypotonic Solutions
d. ) Hypertonic Solutions
d.) Hypertonic Solutions
A clean āLā shaped cut is observed on the right cheek. Which of the following most be done to prepare for cosmetizing: ____
Coat the inferior of the cut with a powder incision sealer and use a double intradermal suture
A person is to be embalmed, viewed, and shipped from the USA to a tropical country. The length of time between death and final disposition will be 6 weeks with a viewing here and abroad. Which of the following should the embalmer do?
Ensure the body is in a hermetically sealed case and use a moderate-strength arterial fluid
Which branch of the aortic arch provides the blood supply to the right upper extremities: ____
Brachiocephalic
When embalming severely dehydrated remains the embalmer should use: _____
MORE Humectants than anything
Fingerprint ink is best removed with: ____
a. ) Iodine
b. ) Gasoline
c. ) Humectant Fluid
d. ) Warm Soap and Water
d.) Warm Soap and Water
Differential pressure is important to a funeral practitioner because it demonstrates: ____
a. ) Rate of Flow
b. ) Blood Vessel Pressure
c. ) Pressure in the reservoir
d. ) Vascular resistance and fluid flow
a.) Rate of flow
Which of the following discolorations can usually be removed by venous drainage?
a. ) Algor Mortis
b. ) Livor Mortis
c. ) Pigmentary Atrophy
d. ) Exanthematous Discolorations
b.) Livor Mortis
Facial lacerations should be treated using which of the following sutures?
a. ) Baseball
b. ) Worm
c. ) Intradermal
d. ) Purse-String
c.) Intradermal
Which of the following orifices would MOST likely require packing following the embalming of a patient who died with ulcerative colitis?
a. )Anal
b. ) Oral
c. ) Cadiac
d. ) Atroventricular
a.) Anal
Points of origin and points of termination in relation to adjacent structures refer to: ____
a. ) Linear Guides
b. ) Linear Limits
c. ) Anatomical Limits
d. ) Anatomical Guides
c.) Anatomical Limits
When attempting to locate the femoral artery, the process can be facilitated by locating which of the following muscles: ____
a. ) Sartorius
b. ) Coracobrachialis
c. ) Adductor Longus
d. ) Sternocleidomastoid
a. ) Sartorius
c. ) Adductor Longus
What plane or section would be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity: _____
a. ) Frontal
b. ) Sagittal
c. ) Transverse
d. ) Midsagittal
c.) Transverse
Glycols are used as: ____
a. ) Dyes
b. ) Ketones
c. ) Humectants
d. ) Disinfectants
c.) Humectants
Which of the following fluids should the funeral practitioner use to embalm a body diagnosed with chronic renal failure?
a. ) Masking
b. ) Bleaching
c. ) Low Index
d. ) High Index
d.) High Index
The component of arterial fluid that is designed to decrease to decrease the molecular at the surface of a liquid is a: ____
a. ) Buffer
b. ) Surfactant
c. ) Vehicle
d. ) Preservative
b.) Surfactant
Which of the following is the final and positive sign of death?
a. ) Algor Mortis
b. ) Rigor Mortis
c. )Cadaveric Lividity
d. ) Generalized Decomposition
d.) Generalized Decomposition
Which superficial dermatomycosis increases when associated with AIDS?
a. ) Candidiasis
b. ) Cyrptcocosis
c. ) Histoplasmosis
d. ) Coccidioidomycosis
a.) Candidiasis
Which of the following is the principal causative agent of puerperal sepsis?
a. ) Candidiasis
b. ) Streptococci
c. ) Staphylococcus
d. ) Cryptoccosis
b.) Streptococci
The pathological death of cells or tissues within the living body is called: ____
a. ) Necrosis
b. ) Nephritis
c. ) Necropolis
d. ) Necrobiosis
d.) Necrobiosis
A disease which is typically bloodborne is: ____
a. ) Gonorrhea
b. ) Parotitis
c. ) Hepatitis A
d. ) Hepatitis B
d.) Hepatitis B
Which of the following conditions would be caused by a thrombus as evidenced during embalming?
a. ) Dimished Distribution
b. ) Edema
c. ) Intravascular Resistance
d. ) Atrophy
a. ) Dimished Distribution
c. ) Intravascular Resistance
