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NBE: Science Section > National Board: Science Portion > Flashcards

National Board: Science Portion Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

The Depressor Anguli Oris is also known as the ____ muscle.

A

Triangularis

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1
Q

A ____ is an elongated PROMINENCE adjoining a surface

A

Fold

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2
Q

Anatomical guide used to raise the brachial artery?

A

Biceps Brachii

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3
Q

Used to raise the axillary artery

A

Coracobrachialis

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4
Q

The MOST medial of the hand and lies LATERAL of the flexor digitorum superficialis.

A

Flexor Carpi Radialis

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5
Q

The medial boundary of the femoral triangle?

A

Adductor Longus

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6
Q

____ are red blood cells and are the most numerous corpuscles

A

Erythrocytes

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7
Q

Starts in the left ventricle and ends in the right atrium

A

Systemic flow of blood

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8
Q

Streptococci and Diplococci are both what?

A

BACTERIA!

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10
Q

Small ROD shaped and causes high fever that can last for a long time commonly referred to as ā€œRabbit feverā€

A

Francisella Tularensis

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10
Q

Allergic disease that causes an immediate reaction with a tubercle as the lesion left VERY HIGHLY LIPID LEVELS IN CELL WALL

A

Tuberculosis

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11
Q

Small ROD shaped and known as ā€œBlack Deathā€ because it causes black lymph nodes

A

Yersinia Pestsis

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12
Q

An STD that causes chancre sores

A

Treponema Pallidum

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13
Q

Moist gangrene spreads ____

A

Quickly

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14
Q

Dry gangrene spreads ____

A

Slowly

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15
Q

Gas gangrene is ____ and is caused from clostridium perfringes

A

Infectious

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16
Q

Reduction of blood supply to an organ

A

Ischemia

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17
Q

Malignant tumor of fatty connective tissue

A

Liposarcoma

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18
Q

____ or ā€œsulcusā€ is a CREVICE with an adjacent elevation

A

Furrow

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19
Q

The medium nose of the yellow ā€œasianā€ race

A

Messorrhine

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20
Q

Groove at the end of the line of mouth closure is: ____ and is a: ____ facial marking

A

Angulus Oris Sulcus

Natural

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21
Q

Derma wax is known as

A

Medium Wax

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22
Q

Malignant tumor of the nervous tissue; BRAIN TUMOR

A

Glioma

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24
Q

Furrow originating from the wing of the nose to edge of the mouth is: ____ and is a: ____ facial marking

A

Nasolabio Sulcus

Acquired

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25
Q

The anterior fold of the cheek which descends laterally along the upper lip from the wing of the nose is the: ____ and is a : ____ facial marking

A

Nasolabial Fold

Natural

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26
Q

The junction of the lower integumentary lip and the superior chin is the : ____ and is a: ____

A

Labiomental Sulcus

Natural

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26
Q

Cn2+2 is the chemical formula for: ____

A

AlkANES

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27
Q

Cn2-2 is the chemical formula for: _____

A

AlkYNES

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28
Q

Generalized massive edema throughout subcutaneous tissue is ____

A

Anasarca

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29
Q

Accumulation of free serous fluid (edema) in the abdomal cavity: ____

A

Ascites

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30
Q

An abnormal development of tissue: ____

A

Dysplasia

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31
Q

Pus in the pleural cavity (lungs): ____

A

Empyemia

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32
Q

Loss of blood where life can no longer be sustained: _____

A

Exsanguination

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33
Q

The increased size of an organ or part due to the excessive but regulated increase in its number of cells: _____

A

Hyperplasia

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34
Q

The enlargement of an organ or part due to the increase in size of cells composing it:____

A

Hypertrophy

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35
Q

Underdevelopment of a tissue, organ or the body: ____

A

Hypoplasia

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36
Q

Increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood: ____

A

Leukocytosis

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37
Q

Abnormal reduction in the number of white blood cells in the blood: ____

A

Leukopenia

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38
Q

Bacillus ā€œBacilliā€ are ____ shaped.

A

Rod

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39
Q

A double bacillus, two being linked end to end: ____

A

Diplobacilli

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40
Q

Coccus ā€œCocciā€ is ___ shaped

A

Spherical/Round

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41
Q

Bacteria that occurs in pairs in such like spheres : ____

A

Diplococcus

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42
Q

Coxiella Bunetii is a ____ disease.

A

Rickettsia

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43
Q

Streptobacilli is a rod shaped bacteria occuring in: ____

A

Chains

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44
Q

Streptococci is a _____ shaped bacteria occuring in chains

A

Spherical

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45
Q

Decrease in body temperature immediately BEFORE death: ____

A

Algonal Algor

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46
Q

The escape of blood serum from an intravascular to an extravascular location immediately BEFORE death: ____

A

Agonal Edema

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47
Q

Increase in body temperature immediately BEFORE death: ____

A

Algonal Fever

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48
Q

Post mortem cooling of the body to the surrounding temperature: ____

A

Algor Mortis

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49
Q

Before death means: ____

A

Antemortem

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50
Q

Necrosis, death of tissues of part of the body usually due to deficient or absent blood supply: ____

A

Gangrene

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51
Q

Decomposition of fats: ____

A

Lipolysis

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52
Q

Movement of the embalming fluids FROM the capillaries TO the tissues: ____

A

Diffusion

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53
Q

Postmortem, intravascular, red-blue discoloration resulting from hypostasis of blood: ____

A

Livor Mortis/Cadaveric Lividity

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54
Q

Extravascular color change that occurs when heme, released by hemolysis or red blood cells, seep through the vessel walls and into the body tissues: ____

A

Postmortem Stain

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55
Q

Decomposition of proteins: ____

A

Proteolysis

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56
Q

Postmortem stiffening of the body muscles by natural body processes: ____

A

Rigor Mortis

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57
Q

Decomposition of sugars: ____

A

Saccharolysis

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58
Q

A color not found in the visible spectrum; a neutral color such as white, gray, or black: ____

A

Achromatic Color

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59
Q

The settling of blood to the dependent parts of the body : ____

A

Hypostasis

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60
Q

The bacterial decomposition of carbohydrates: ____

A

Fermentation

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61
Q

Bacille is ____ shaped

A

Rod/Capsule

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62
Q

Staph and Strept infections are: ____

A

Bacteria

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63
Q

Corynebacterium Dyptheriaeā€™s type of lesion: ____ and is: ____

A

Pseudomembrane

Rod Shaped

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64
Q

Treponemia Pallidumā€™s lesion is: ____ and is: _____ shaped

A

Chancre/Gumma

Spirochete

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65
Q

What is not included in systemic circulation of blood?

A

Lungs

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66
Q

Where are the papillary muscles found in the heart?

A

(L) & R Ventricles

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67
Q

The face can be divided between what three equal parts?

A

Vertex of the Cranium
Line of Eye closure
Base of the Chin

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68
Q

Surfaces exhibiting similarity of bilateral curvature

A

Forehead
Cheeks
Superior ā€œUpperā€ Lips
Chin

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69
Q

What is the standard WL of adult trocar?

A

16-18ā€

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70
Q

What is the standard WL of an infant trocar?

A

7ā€

71
Q

The white crumbly substance that begins within days of death and becomes visible in about 3 months: _____

A

Adipocere ā€œGrave Waxā€

72
Q

Staphyloccoci grows together in: ____

A

Clusters like grapes

73
Q

Streptobacilli grows together (usually longer than two) in: ____

A

Chains

74
Q

Diplobacilli grows together in: ____ usually end to end or one on top of each other

A

Pairs

75
Q

What are the anatomical guides for locating the ear?

A

External Auditory Meatus
Zygomatic Arch
Mandibular Fossa
Mastoid Process

76
Q

What will remove ink stains from the skin?

A

Lemon Juice

Petroleum Jelly

77
Q 
Cause of death 
Body Conditions
Discolorations
Postmortem changes
Drugs
are all: \_\_\_\_ factors
A

Intrinsic

78
Q

Environmental
Postmortem interval
Embalmer
are all: ____ factors

A

Extrinsic

79
Q

Sodium citrates, EDTA, Borax, and Sodium Phosphates are: ____

A

Buffers

80
Q

Considerations using the: ____ artery is that the veins are relatively superficial, close to the center of circulation, and close to the face so danger of over injection of the face.

A

Axillary

81
Q

What side of the heart is high (RED BLOOD) in oxygen?

A

Left

82
Q

What side of the heart is low (BLUE BLOOD) in oxygen?

A

Right

83
Q

What is the most ā€œleak proofā€ stitch with a prominent ridge?

A

Lock ā€œWhip or Drawā€ Stitch

84
Q

Movement of fluid FROM the point of injection TO the capillaries: ____

A

Fluid Distribution

85
Q

The primary reason for embalming?

A

DISINFECTION!

86
Q

Round shaped diplococcus that is the most commonly reported STD

A

Neisseria Gonorrhera

87
Q 
Typhus Fever
Q Fever
Chlamydia
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Psittacosis
Tachoma
Lyphogranulom Venerum
NGU/NSU
are all \_\_\_\_\_ infections
A

Rickettsia

88
Q

The most common site of thrombosis: ____

A

Blood Vessels

89
Q

The process of which there is a free floating object in the blood during life: ____

A

Embolism

90
Q

Excess tissue fluid in the thoracic cavity:____

A

Hydrothrorax

91
Q

Blue discoloration (especially upper extremities) caused by the lack of oxygen in the tissues: ____

A

Cyanosis

92
Q

Where is the distended bladder located in the 9 region plan?

A

Hypogastric

93
Q

In this method of drainage; drainage and injection is never done at the same time: ____

A

Alternate Drainage

94
Q

What type of incision is used in emaciated or low neckline clothing: ____

A

Supraclavicular

96
Q

What artery TERMINATES at the lateral border of the the first right rib?

A

Subclavian

96
Q

What muscle is used as the anatomical guide to raise the iliac artery?

A

Psoas Major

97
Q

What artery BEGINS at the lateral border of the first right rib?

A

Axillary

98
Q

What muscle is used to separate the axillary artery from the brachial artery?

A

Teres Major

99
Q

The progressive arrangement of colors (ROY G BIV) when a beam of light is broken down into component colors: ____

A

Spectrum

100
Q

Variations of one hue: ____

A

Monochromatic Hue

101
Q

Any two hues placed side by side: _____

A

Juxtaposition

102
Q

____ is when the blood circulation slows and the formed elements of the blood begin to clot.

A

Agonal Coagulation

103
Q

What three things are associated in the agonal stage?

A

Moribund Period
Death Rattle
Death Struggle

104
Q

What is the accompanying vein(s) for the Aortic Artery?

A

Superior and Inferior Vena Cava

105
Q

_____ is found midway between the medial malleolus and calcaneous tendon

A

Posterior (Back) Tibial Artery

106
Q

What is found along the lateral margin of the inferior third of the crest of the tibia: ____

A

Anterior (Front) Tibial Artery

107
Q

What is the center of circulation of embalming?

A

Arch of Aorta

109
Q

The reason the right side of the heart has blue blood is because the right atrium and right ventricle: ____

A

Pumps un-oxygenated blood into the pulmonary veins

110
Q

The reason the left side of the heart has red blood is because the left atrium and left ventricle: ____

A

Receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins

111
Q

An elongated DEPRESSION on a relatively level plane or surface: ____

A

Groove

112
Q 
Nasolabial Sulcus
Tranverse Frontal Sulci 
Interciliary Sulci
Superior Palpebral Sulci
Inferior Palpebral Sulcus
Bucco-Facial Sulcus
Mandibular Sulcus
Labial Sulci
Platysmal Sulci
Cords of the neck
Optic Facial Sulci 
Natural or Acquired?
A

Acquired

113
Q 
Phitrum
Nasolabial Fold
Nasal Sulcus
Oblique Palpebral Sulcus
Angulus Oris Eminence
Angulus Oris Sulcus
Labiomental Sulcus
Submental Sulcus
Dimples
Natural or Acquired?
A

Natural

114
Q

Cancer, Osteomyelitis, and Pagetā€™s diesease all are prone to do what?

A

Predispose a bone to break

115
Q

What are the two methods for restoring color in a deceased person?

A

Internal & External Methods

116
Q

What are the warm areas of the face?

A 
Cheeks
Chin
Ears
Lips
Foreheads (Males)
117
Q

A substance used to impart color to an object , just as dye, pigment, ink, or pant: ____

A

Colorant

118
Q

The period immediately before somatic death: ____

A

Agonal Period

119
Q

In the PRESENCE of free oxygen: ____

A

Aerobic

120
Q

In the ABSENCE of free oxygen: ____

A

Anaerobic

121
Q

A term applied to a number of pathological conditions causing a thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity of the walls of the arteries: ____

A

Arteriosclerosis

122
Q

Self destruction of cells is: ____

A

Autolysis

123
Q

Eyelashes are: ____

A

Cilia

124
Q

Eyebrows are: ____

A

Supercilia

125
Q

Anaerobic, saprophytic, spore-forming bacterium, responsible for tissue gas: ____

A

Clostridium Perfringes

126
Q

Decomposition of proteins BY ENZYMES OF AEROBIC BACTERIA: ____

A

Decay

127
Q

The settling of of fluids by gravitational force to the dependent areas of the body: ____

A

Gravity Filtration

128
Q

Depression between the mental eminence and the inferior incisor teeth: ____

A

Incisive Fossa

129
Q

Plastic garmet that covers the entire body: _____

A

Unionall

130
Q

The process by which suspended particles settle to the bottom of a liquid is: ____

A

Sedimentation

131
Q

Arterial tubes connections can be identified as which of the following?

a. ) Quick-Clamp
b. ) Threaded
c. ) Slip-Type
d. ) Luer-Lock

A

b. ) Threaded
c. ) Slip - Lock
d. ) Luer - Lock

132
Q

A secondary injection point used to clear the hand and fingers is: ____

A

Ulnar Artery

133
Q

Which of the following injection sites should be used when embalming a newborn infant?

a. ) Ascending Aorta
b. ) Right Common Carotid
c. ) Abdominal Aorta
d. ) Right Brachial Artery

A

a. ) Ascending Aorta
b. ) Right Common Carotid
c. ) Abdominal Aorta

134
Q

Minerals that cause hard water also create problems in embalming because they promote: _____

A

Blood Clotting

135
Q

Which of the following may be used in the preparation of an autopsied body?

a. ) Kapoc
b. ) Wetting Agent
c. ) Anhydrous Lime
d. ) Hardening Compound

A

d.) Hardening Compound

136
Q

In regards to the formaldehyde exposure level readings, the action level is: ____

a. ) 0.5 ppm
b. ) 1.0 ppm
c. ) 1.5 ppm
d. ) 2.0 ppm

A

a.) 0.5 ppm

137
Q

When embalming an autopsied body, which of the following arteries should the funeral practitioner use to obtain the most complete fluid distribution to the upper extremities: _____

a. ) Ulna
b. ) Brachial
c. ) Subclavian
d. ) Common Carotid

A

c.) Subclavian

138
Q

Low index fluids used to inhibit bilirubin from converting to biliverdin are known as: ____

a. ) Humectants
b. ) Surfactants
c. ) Buffers
d. ) Jaundice Fluids

A

d.) Jaundice Fluids

139
Q

An arterial hemostat is useful to the embalmer for: ____

a. ) Clamping a vessel
b. ) Assisting drainage
c. ) Closing an incision
d. ) Reducing tissue distention

A

a.) Clamping off a vessel

140
Q

What organ should be given special attention to when embalming a baby?

a. ) Liver
b. ) Lungs
c. ) Kidneys
d. ) Brain

A

d.) Brain

141
Q

Continuous drainage during injection is called: ____

a. ) Alternate
b. ) Concurrent
c. ) Interrupted
d. ) Intermittent

A

b.) Concurrent

142
Q

A suture commonly used to close a trocar puncture is the: ____

a. ) Whip Stitch
b. ) Intradermal
c. ) Purse String
d. ) Basket Weave

A

c.) Purse String

143
Q

Within the 9-region plan of abdominal division, the central region is termed the: ____

a. ) Inguinal
b. ) Umbilical
c. ) Peritoneal
d. ) Hypogastric

A

b.) Umbilical

144
Q

A death was from natural causes, but the body is refrigerated for 24 hours prior to embalming. No autopsy is performed, In order to minimize abdominal distention and prevent purge, it is important to: ____

a. ) Inject Slowly
b. ) Inject a strong arterial solution
c. ) Embalm the head first
d. ) Embalm the lower extremities

A

a.) Inject slowly

145
Q

When embalming the average adult weighting from 125 to 175 pounds, the minimum volumn of arterial injection fluid is: ____

a. ) 1 - 2 gallons
b. ) 3 - 4 gallons
c. ) 5 - 6 gallons
d. ) 7 - 8 gallons

A

b.) 3 - 4 gallons

146
Q

A thrombus in the iliac veins would: ____

a. ) Decrease drainage from the upper extremities
b. ) Decrease drainage from the lower extremities
c. ) Increase circulation to upper extremities
d. ) Increase circulation to lower extremities

A

b.) Decrease drainage from the lower extremities

147
Q

When a body exhibits an increased or excessive amount of bilirubin, the embalming is BEST done with: ____

a. ) Jaundice Fluids
b. ) Accessory Fluids
c. ) Coinjection Fluids
d. ) Preinjection Fluids

A

a.) Jaundice fluids

148
Q

A coffee ground appearance and foul odor would designate postmortem purge originating from the: _____

a. ) Stomach
b. ) Brain
c. ) Lungs
d. ) Esophagus

A

a.) Stomach

149
Q

During a telephone call from an out of state relative of the deceased, verbal authorization was NOT secured. To later charge for the embalming that was performed, the funeral practitioner must: ____

  1. Inform the relative of the embalming and the cost
  2. Inform the relative of the embalming, make disclosure, and request written authorization
  3. Inform the relative of the oversight and indicate that embalming is required by law
  4. Include the cost under the basic staff services
A
  1. Inform the relative of the embalming, make disclosure, and request written authorization
150
Q

Which of the following vaccines MUST be offered to removal personnel?

a. ) Polio
b. ) Tetanus
c. )Smallpox
d. ) Hepatitis B

A

d.) Hepatitis B

151
Q

An example of an extravehicular resistance to fluid distribution would be: _____

a. ) Thrombi
b. ) Rigor Mortis
c. ) Blood Viscosity
d. ) Arteriosclerosis

A

b.) Rigor Mortis

152
Q

A device that uses water pressure to produce a vacuum from removal of fluids and gas in the visceral cavities is a: ____

a. ) Trocar
b. ) Cannula
c. ) Bulb Syringe
d. ) Hydroaspirator

A

d.) Hydroaspirator

153
Q

When posing features, the eyelids should: ____

A

Abut

154
Q

More water can be removed from tissues with embalming fluids that are: ____

a. ) Surfactants
b. ) Anticoagulants
c. ) Hypotonic Solutions
d. ) Hypertonic Solutions

A

d.) Hypertonic Solutions

155
Q

A clean ā€˜Lā€™ shaped cut is observed on the right cheek. Which of the following most be done to prepare for cosmetizing: ____

A

Coat the inferior of the cut with a powder incision sealer and use a double intradermal suture

156
Q

A person is to be embalmed, viewed, and shipped from the USA to a tropical country. The length of time between death and final disposition will be 6 weeks with a viewing here and abroad. Which of the following should the embalmer do?

A

Ensure the body is in a hermetically sealed case and use a moderate-strength arterial fluid

157
Q

Which branch of the aortic arch provides the blood supply to the right upper extremities: ____

A

Brachiocephalic

158
Q

When embalming severely dehydrated remains the embalmer should use: _____

A

MORE Humectants than anything

159
Q

Fingerprint ink is best removed with: ____

a. ) Iodine
b. ) Gasoline
c. ) Humectant Fluid
d. ) Warm Soap and Water

A

d.) Warm Soap and Water

160
Q

Differential pressure is important to a funeral practitioner because it demonstrates: ____

a. ) Rate of Flow
b. ) Blood Vessel Pressure
c. ) Pressure in the reservoir
d. ) Vascular resistance and fluid flow

A

a.) Rate of flow

161
Q

Which of the following discolorations can usually be removed by venous drainage?

a. ) Algor Mortis
b. ) Livor Mortis
c. ) Pigmentary Atrophy
d. ) Exanthematous Discolorations

A

b.) Livor Mortis

162
Q

Facial lacerations should be treated using which of the following sutures?

a. ) Baseball
b. ) Worm
c. ) Intradermal
d. ) Purse-String

A

c.) Intradermal

163
Q

Which of the following orifices would MOST likely require packing following the embalming of a patient who died with ulcerative colitis?

a. )Anal
b. ) Oral
c. ) Cadiac
d. ) Atroventricular

A

a.) Anal

164
Q

Points of origin and points of termination in relation to adjacent structures refer to: ____

a. ) Linear Guides
b. ) Linear Limits
c. ) Anatomical Limits
d. ) Anatomical Guides

A

c.) Anatomical Limits

165
Q

When attempting to locate the femoral artery, the process can be facilitated by locating which of the following muscles: ____

a. ) Sartorius
b. ) Coracobrachialis
c. ) Adductor Longus
d. ) Sternocleidomastoid

A

a. ) Sartorius

c. ) Adductor Longus

166
Q

What plane or section would be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity: _____

a. ) Frontal
b. ) Sagittal
c. ) Transverse
d. ) Midsagittal

A

c.) Transverse

167
Q

Glycols are used as: ____

a. ) Dyes
b. ) Ketones
c. ) Humectants
d. ) Disinfectants

A

c.) Humectants

168
Q

Which of the following fluids should the funeral practitioner use to embalm a body diagnosed with chronic renal failure?

a. ) Masking
b. ) Bleaching
c. ) Low Index
d. ) High Index

A

d.) High Index

169
Q

The component of arterial fluid that is designed to decrease to decrease the molecular at the surface of a liquid is a: ____

a. ) Buffer
b. ) Surfactant
c. ) Vehicle
d. ) Preservative

A

b.) Surfactant

170
Q

Which of the following is the final and positive sign of death?

a. ) Algor Mortis
b. ) Rigor Mortis
c. )Cadaveric Lividity
d. ) Generalized Decomposition

A

d.) Generalized Decomposition

171
Q

Which superficial dermatomycosis increases when associated with AIDS?

a. ) Candidiasis
b. ) Cyrptcocosis
c. ) Histoplasmosis
d. ) Coccidioidomycosis

A

a.) Candidiasis

172
Q

Which of the following is the principal causative agent of puerperal sepsis?

a. ) Candidiasis
b. ) Streptococci
c. ) Staphylococcus
d. ) Cryptoccosis

A

b.) Streptococci

173
Q

The pathological death of cells or tissues within the living body is called: ____

a. ) Necrosis
b. ) Nephritis
c. ) Necropolis
d. ) Necrobiosis

A

d.) Necrobiosis

174
Q

A disease which is typically bloodborne is: ____

a. ) Gonorrhea
b. ) Parotitis
c. ) Hepatitis A
d. ) Hepatitis B

A

d.) Hepatitis B

175
Q

Which of the following conditions would be caused by a thrombus as evidenced during embalming?

a. ) Dimished Distribution
b. ) Edema
c. ) Intravascular Resistance
d. ) Atrophy

A

a. ) Dimished Distribution

c. ) Intravascular Resistance

NBE: Science Section (1 decks)

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