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NQ Music (by level) > National 3 and 4 > Flashcards

National 3 and 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

African music

A

Features voices and/or African drums

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2
Q

Baroque

A

From approximately 1600-1750
Famous composers include Bach, Vivaldi and Handel
Extensive use of ornamentation and sequence

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3
Q

Concerto

A

Work for solo instrument and orchestra

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4
Q

Mouth music

A

Unaccompanied songs with Gaelic or nonsense words
Performed by a solo voice or voices in unison
Normally sung for ceilidh dances

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5
Q

Opera

A

Drama set to music

Features soloists, chorus, orchestra and acting

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6
Q

Ragtime

A

Played on piano

Syncopated rhythm against a steady vamped accompaniment

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7
Q

Rapping

A

Rhyming lyrics that are spoken and performed in time to a beat
Popular in hip-hop music

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8
Q

Reggae

A

Developed in Jamaica in the 1960s

Strong accents on the 2nd and 4th beats of the bar

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9
Q

Romantic

A

From approximately 1810-1900
Famous composers include Schumann, Mendelssohn, Brahms, Tchaikovsky, Chopin and Liszt
Larger orchestras than ever before and use of rubato

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10
Q

Scots ballad

A

Slow Scottish song that tells a story

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11
Q

Swing

A

Jazz style that started in the 1930s
Performed by a big band
In 4/4 time
Features a ‘cheese, mouldy cheese’ rhythm

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12
Q

Blues

A

Often in 4/4 and based on a 12 bar blues structure

Melody uses notes from the blues scale

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13
Q

Jazz

A

Often uses saxophone
Usually features syncopation and improvisation
Use of chords such as the added 6th

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14
Q

Latin American

A

Dance music from South America
Use of percussion instruments
Lively off-beat rhythms

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15
Q

Musical

A

A play which has speaking, singing and dancing and is performed on a stage

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16
Q

Pop

A

A style of popular music

Played by a group of musicians or a solo artist

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17
Q

Rock

A

Heavy, driving beat
Use of distortion
Usually features electric guitar, bass guitar and drum kit

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18
Q

Rock ‘n’ roll

A

1950s American music
Grew from jazz, blues, gospel and country
Often uses a riff

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19
Q

Arpeggio / Broken chord

A

The notes of a chord are played separately

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20
Q

Drone

A

A note held on or repeated in the bass

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21
Q

Major tonality

A

Sounds bright or happy

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22
Q

Minor tonality

A

Sounds dark, creepy or sad

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23
Q

Ornament

A

Decorating a melody with extra notes

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24
Q

Pedal

A

A held note or repeated notes in the bass beneath changing upper parts

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25
Q

Pentatonic

A

A five note scale
Do, re, mi, sol and la
Often used in Scottish music

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26
Q

Scat singing

A

Nonsense words and sounds made up by the singer

Used mainly in jazz

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27
Q

Vamp

A

Rhythmic accompaniment

Bass note on the beat and a chord off the beat

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28
Q

Discord

A

A chord in which certain notes clash

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29
Q

Question and answer

A

A musical phrase (question) followed by another (answer)

These phrases usually balance each other

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30
Q

Repetition

A

An exact repeat of a musical idea

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31
Q

Sequence

A

A melodic phrase that is repeated at a higher or lower pitch

32
Q

A tempo

A

Return to the original speed

33
Q

Accelerando

A

Getting gradually faster

34
Q

Anacrusis

A

The note(s) before the first strong beat of a phrase

35
Q

Andante

A

At a walking speed

36
Q

Compound time

A

The beat subdivides into groups of three

37
Q

Dotted rhythm

A

Long note followed by a short one or a short note followed by a long one

38
Q

Jig

A

Fairly fast Scottish dance in compound time

39
Q

Rallentando

A

Getting gradually slower

40
Q

Scotch snap

A

Very short accented note before a longer note

41
Q

Simple time

A

The beat subdivides into groups of two

42
Q

Strathspey

A

Scottish dance with four beats in a bar

Usually features a scotch snap

43
Q

Syncopation

A

Playing off the beat

44
Q

Accent

A

Notes with more emphasis than others

45
Q

Adagio

A

A slow tempo

46
Q

Allegro

A

A fast tempo

47
Q

Drum fill

A

A rhythmic decoration played on a drum kit

48
Q

March

A

Strong, steady pulse
Two or four beats in a bar
Played at a suitable speed for marching

49
Q

Reel

A

A fast Scottish dance with four beats in a bar

50
Q

Waltz

A

A dance with three beats in a bar

Played at a medium tempo

51
Q

Cadenza

A

Showy passage for a soloist alone in a concerto

52
Q

Canon / Round

A

Each part has the same melody
Parts enter one after the other
Canon is the same as round

53
Q

Imitation

A

The melody is immediately copied in another part

54
Q

Middle eight

A

A section which provides contrast to the opening section
Often eight bars long
Used in popular music

55
Q

Ternary

A

A three part form: section one, section two then back to section one
Can also be called ABA form

56
Q

Theme and variations

A

The melody (theme) is heard then returns several times with variations

57
Q

Verse and chorus

A

Alternating between verse and chorus
The verse normally has the same music but different words each time it is heard
The chorus is normally identical each time
Many songs use this form

58
Q

Harmony

A

Two parts sounding different notes

59
Q

Ostinato / Riff

A

A short repeated pattern

60
Q

Solo

A

One instrument or voice

61
Q

Unison

A

Two players or singers sounding the same notes at the same time

62
Q

Alto

A

A low female voice

63
Q

Backing vocals

A

Singers supporting the lead singer

Usually sing harmonies in the background

64
Q

Bass

A

A low male voice

65
Q

Brass band

A

A band with brass and percussion instruments

66
Q

Distortion

A

An electronic effect used in rock music

Used to colour the sound of an electric guitar

67
Q

Muted

A

Using a device that alters the sound of an instrument

Brass and string instruments can use mutes

68
Q

Soprano

A

A high female voice

69
Q

Tenor

A

A high male voice

70
Q

Wind band

A

A band with woodwind, brass and percussion instruments

71
Q

Choir

A

A group of singers performing together

72
Q

Folk group

A

A group of singers and instrumentalists

They perform a variety of traditional music

73
Q

Legato

A

The notes are played smoothly

74
Q

Orchestra

A

A large group of string, woodwind, brass and percussion instruments

75
Q

Scottish dance band

A

A band that plays Scottish music for people to dance to

Instruments can include fiddle, accordion, piano and drums

76
Q

Staccato

A

The notes are detached

77
Q

Steel band

A

Band whose instruments are made out of oil drums called pans

The top of each drum is hammered into panels to make different pitches

NQ Music (by level) (4 decks)

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