Nation, Section, and Party

Question 1

Second Party System

Answer 1

Emergence of the Democratic Party (Andrew Jackson) and Whig Party (Henry Clay).

Question 2

Democratic Party (Founded in 1828)

Answer 2

Supported limited federal government, westward expansion, and state sovereignty.

Question 3

Whig Party (Founded in 1834)

Answer 3

Opposed Jackson, supported the American System, and favored a strong federal government.

Question 4

Nullification Crisis (1832-1833)

Answer 4

South Carolina, led by John C. Calhoun, attempted to nullify federal tariffs, challenging national authority.

Question 5

Force Bill (1833)

Answer 5

Allowed Andrew Jackson to use the military to enforce federal laws in South Carolina.

Question 6

Webster-Hayne Debate (1830)

Answer 6

Debate over states’ rights vs. national unity, with Daniel Webster defending federal authority.

Question 7

Tariff Compromise of 1833

Answer 7

Negotiated by Henry Clay, gradually lowered tariffs to ease tensions.

Question 8

Martin Van Buren (President 1837-1841)

Answer 8

Key figure in Democratic Party organization and supporter of Jacksonian policies.

Question 9

Panic of 1837

Answer 9

Economic depression triggered by bank failures, inflation, and Jackson’s economic policies.

Question 10

Election of 1840

Answer 10

William Henry Harrison (Whig) won with the famous “Log Cabin and Hard Cider” campaign, portraying him as a common man.