Nation of Islam, Malcom X Flashcards
1
Q
What experiences did Elijah Muhammad witness in his youth?
A
- Lynchings
- Atrocities committed against Blacks
2
Q
What did Elijah Muhammad take over and what did it become?
A
- Black nationalist Islamic movement
- Renamed it as the ‘Nation of Islam’
- Became a nationwide movement
3
Q
Who was the most famous convert to Nation of Islam?
A
- Heavyweight boxer Cassius Clay
- Muhammad exploited his name and fame
4
Q
What key issues did Elijah Muhammad address and how?
A
- Focused on economic problems
- Not addressed sufficiently by Civil Rights movement
- Gained support from ghettoes (concentrated black areas)
- Funds increased
- Bought land and businesses to provide employment
5
Q
What was Muhammad’s view on the methods of the Civil Rights movement?
A
- Opposed MLK’s non-violence
- Rejected integration
- Advocating for separatism
- Black ancient supremacy in Africa would be restored
6
Q
Who was Malcom X?
A
- Rejected ‘slave name’
- Joined Nation of Islam in prison
- Most charismatic preacher of the Nation of Islam
- Frustrated by lack of success of Civil Rights movement
7
Q
Explain the accusations made against Elijah Muhammad.
A
- Corruption: funded his luxurious lifestyle rather than helping Black communities
- Hypocrisy: preached strict moral and religious rules, engaged in extramarital affairs
- Sexual misconduct: affairs with under-age women, made them pregnant
8
Q
How did Malcom X react to Muhammad’s accusations?
A
- Investigated, turned out to be true
- Left in 1964
9
Q
How did Malcom X’s views change after his pilgrimage to Mecca?
A
- Ashamed of previous support for violence and separatism
- Saw muslims of difference races coexisting
10
Q
What organisation did Malcom X find?
A
Organisation for Afro-American Unity
11
Q
What was the aim of the Organisation for Afro-American Unity?
A
- Cooperation with white groups
- Focused on civil rights, economic and social issues
12
Q
What happened to Malcom X in 1965 and who did it?
A
- Assassinated by members of Nation of Islam
- Unclear who did it
(own initiative or revenge)
13
Q
What was Malcom X’s impact after death?
A
- Inspired black activists alike with the earlier radical phase
- Inspired campaigners with his later phase for racial unity advocation
