Nat5 Biology Unit Three Life On Earth Key Area 1 Ecosystems

Question 1

Biodiversity

Answer 1

The total variation among living organisms within a region (rainforest, ocean, the Earth) is called it’s biodiversity

Question 2

Producers

Answer 2

Make food using inorganic materials and an abiotic energy source e.g. green plants produce sugars from CO2 and H2O, and light energy via the process of photosynthesis

Question 3

Consumers

Answer 3

Obtain food by feeding on producers or other consumers

Question 4

Herbivores

Answer 4

Only eats plant material

Question 5

Carnivores

Answer 5

Only eats other animals

Question 6

Omnivores

Answer 6

Eat both plants and animals

Question 7

Predator

Answer 7

Hunts, kills, and feeds on another organism (its prey)

Question 8

Prey

Answer 8

Is hunted, killed and fed on by other organisms (its predator)

Question 9

Habitat

Answer 9

Where an organism lives

Question 10

Population

Answer 10

All the members of one species living in a habitat

Question 11

Community

Answer 11

All the plants, animals and microorganisms living in a habitat

Question 12

Species

Answer 12

A group of organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 13

Food Chain

Answer 13

Diagram showing the feeding relationships between different organisms

Question 14

Food Web

Answer 14

Ecosystems have a large number of interconnected food chains. These are shown asa food web

Question 15

Ecosystem

Answer 15

Consists of all the organisms (the community) living in a particular habitat and all the non-living components with which the organisms interact

Question 16

What is a niche?

Answer 16

A role that’s an organism plays within a community

This includes interactions with organisms (competition or predation)

Question 17

When does competition in ecosystems occur?

Answer 17

When resources are in short supply

Question 18

What is INTERspecific Competition?

Answer 18

Competition between different species for one or a few of the resources they require

Question 19

What is INTRAspecific Competition

Answer 19

Competition between members of the same species for all resources

Question 20

Which is more intense? INTERspecific or INTRAspecific competition, and why?

Answer 20

INTRAspecific competition is more intense because they are all fighting for all of the same resources