Nasal passage and sinus disorders Flashcards
What can be endoscoped to diagnose issues occuting in the nasal passge/sinus?
nasopharynx
huttrual pouch
sinuses
What are the most common symptoms in when there is disorders of nasal passage?
stridor - often inspiratory
nasal discharge - epistaxis or seroanguinosus
What symptoms may be present in the case of nasal passage diorders?
bad smell
deformation
head shaking
What does PEH stand for?
progressive ethmoidal haematoma
What are the differential dignosis of PEH
neoplasia
mycosis/ulerative rhinitis
foreign body
sinus cyst
how can PEH be treated
transendoscopic
sinustomy-approach
How is PEH treated transendoscopically?
by injecting formalin or using laser
What is the sinustomy-approach?
it is surgical, using laser or cryopathy to remove it, be careful of blood loss and they are often recurrent
Which sinus is the biggest?
sinus frontalis
Describe the maxillary sinus
it has a caudal and a cranial part, with a small septa, dividing it
Where can bulla tympanica be located, and in which sinus treatement does it m\play a role?
it is between the ventral concha and frontal sinus
it must be destroyed to get into the central conchal sinus
What can be a severe consequence when the sphenopalatine is infected - relateed to its position
it lies directly under the brain, so if there is a bacteriological infction, this can spread and cause nevrological symptoms
What are the primary causes for sinuitis - are they common?
upper airway infection, streptococcus
more rare than secondary
secondary causes to sinusitis
often a tooth problem
What are the most common symptoms of sinusitis?
nasal discharge - serous, mucupurulent
swellings, deformations
decreased airflow
What are some rare symptoms of sinusitis?
cutan fistula
ocular discharge
bad smell
Where should the endoscope be introduced to check for sinusitis
apertura nasomaxillaris
How is primary sinusitis treated?
treating the cause: treat with AB (trimethorpim-sulfonamide or similar) if bacterial infection
fed the horse from the ground
keep them in a dust free environment
If a patient with sinuisits is not responding to AB treatment, what should be done next?
trepanation and lavage
what is meant by pyogen mebrane curette?
removing tissues and in theis case the pyogen membrane caused by bacteria b scraping it or scooping it out
Which sinuses are treated with trepanation?
frontal sinus
cau and rostral maxillary sinus
which sinuses can be treated with sinusotomy?
Frontonasal
Maxillary
(frontal)
What landmarks are used for trepanation and sinusotomy?
medial canthus
incisura nasalis
infraorbital foramen
facial crest
caudo-dorsal orbit
supraorbital foramen
incisura nasoinicisa
In whate age can sinus cyst appear?
it happens rarely, yearlings and in adults
