Napoleon overview Flashcards
When and where was Napoleon born?
15th August 1769
Ajaccio on the Island of Corsica
Corsica became part of France when?
1768
Corsica belonged to who before 1768?
Genoa
What part of society were the Bonapartes?
minor nobility
When did Napoleon gain entrance to the École militaire?
1784
Why was Nap. able to gain entrance to the École militaire?
He was part of the French nobility
What part of the army was Nap. commissioned into? When did this happen?
What rank was he when this happened?
the artillery
In 1785
He was an officer
Siege of Toulon when?
1793
What did Nap. command at the siege of Toulon?
the artillery
Why siege of Toulon?
British and Spanish had established a foothold in France
What did Napoleon ask for in 1795?
Control of the French army
Was Napoleon granted control of the French army in 1795?
Yes
What did Napoleon do when he was granted control of the French army in 1795?
He defeated a royalist uprising
What did Napoleon negotiate in 1797?
the Peace of Campo Formio with Austria
What was the Peace of Campo Formio?
An agreement with Austria granting French control of more territories in Northern Italy.
When was Napoleon’s Egyptian campaign?
1798
Who was Nap.’s Egyptian campaign against?
The Ottoman Empire
What was Nap’s Egyptian campaign’s purpose?
To disrupt British trade routes
What happened in the Coup de Brumaire?
Napoleon took power in France?
When was the Coup de Brumaire?
1799
What was the name of Nap.’s title post-Coup de Brumaire?
First Consul
What was Napoleon titled in 1802?
Consul for life
When was Nap. named Consul for life?
1802
When was Nap. proclaimed Emperor of the French?
On Sunday 2nd of December, 1804
Where was Nap. proclaimed Emperor of the French?
At the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris
What happened to Napoleon on Sunday 2nd December, 1804?
He was proclaimed Emperor of the French
Which countries did Nap. defeat between 1805-08?
What did this mean?
the Austrians, Russians and Prussians
He directly conquered or controlled through alliance most of Western Europe.
When did Nap. invade Russia?
June 1812
Why did Nap. invade Russia?
In response to the Tsar breaking an agreement not to trade with Britain
What did Nap. invade Russia with?
His Grande Armée of 650,000 men
When did Napoleon gain a victory at Borodino?
September 1812
What did the Russians do when Napoleon won at Borodino?
the Russians again retreated, leaving Napoleon and his army in a burnt out Moscow with little supplies.
What did the Russians do on Nap.’s invasion?
The Russians retreated
When did Napoleon retreat from Moscow?
December 1812
Why did Napoleon retreat from Moscow?
A combination of the cold and Russian hit and run attacks resulting in massive casualties
How many men did Napoleon lose during his Russian campaign?
380,000 men dead or missing and 100,000 captured
When was the Treaty of Fontainebleau?
1814
What happened at the Treaty of Fontainebleau?
Representatives from the Austrian Empire, Russia and Prussian states force Napoleon’s abdication as emperor and ruler of France
Did Napoleon concede to actions at the Treaty of Fontainebleau?
Yes. He signed the agreement and was exiled to the Island of Elba
When did Napoleon escape from Elba?
1815
Where did Napoleon escape from in 1815?
The island of Elba
What did Napoleon do once he escaped from the Island of Elba?
He raised an army, was defeated by Wellington at Waterloo, abdicated a second time and was exiled to St Helena
What happened in 1821 for Nap.?
He died
When did Nap. die?
1821
What happened to Nap.’s remains in 1840?
His remains were dug-up and he was reburied at Les Invalides in Paris
