Naomi non medical prescribing Revision

Question 1

What is pharmacokinetics?

Answer 1

What the body does to the durg

Question 2

What is pharmacodynamics?

Answer 2

What the drug does to the body.

Question 3

What is ADME mean?

Answer 3

Absorption, Distribution, metabolism, excretion

Question 4

Half life is….

Answer 4

the time required to reduce plasma concentration of drug to half its original value.

Question 5

What is a therapeutic index?

Answer 5

A ratio that compares the blood concentration at which a drug becomes toxic and the concentration at which the drug is effective

Question 6

What are the four areas of law to consider?

Answer 6

P- professional, I- Individual (civil law), E- Employer ( employment law and liability), S- Society ( criminal law)

Question 7

Describe an agonist.

Answer 7

An agonist is a chemical that binds to a receptor and elicits an appropriate physiological response

Question 8

What is an Antagonist?

Answer 8

An Antagonist is a drug that bind to a receptor and whose presence prevents a physiological response or other drugs from binding. Antagonists Block receptor activation by agonists.

Question 9

What is the first pass metabolism?

Answer 9

drug metabolism whereby the concentration of a drug is greatly reduced by the liver before it reaches the systemic circulation.

It is the fraction of drug lost during the process of absorption which is generally related to the liver and gut wall.

Question 10

what is high hepatic ratio?

Answer 10

if a drug has a high hepatic ratio, drug clearance is highly affected by hepatic blood flow.

Question 11

What is low hepatic ratio?

Answer 11

if a drug has a low hepatic ratio, drug clearance is independent of hepatic blood flow, but depends on metabolic capacity of the liver.

Question 12

What does an off label mean?

Answer 12

Off label means the medication is being used in a manner outside the marketing authorisation

Question 13

what is polypharmacy?

Answer 13

Concurrent use of multiple medication items by one person.

Question 14

describe an enzyme inhibitor.

Answer 14

A substance that blocks the action of an enzyme

Question 15

What does EASE stand for?

Answer 15

E- Effective
A- appropriate
S-safe
E- cost effective.

Question 16

name the 5 rights in prescribing

Answer 16

M-Medication
D-Dose
T-Timing
R- Route
P- Patient

Question 17

Define pharmacology

Answer 17

The study of properties of drugs and their interaction on living organisms and viruses.

Question 18

Define bioavailability.

Answer 18

This is the percentage of a dose entering the systemic circulation after administration of a given dose form.

Question 19

Define Efficacy

Answer 19

Capacity of a drug to prodcue an alteration in a target cell/organ after binding to its receptor.

its the maximum effect the drug will produce, irregardless of the dose

Question 20

What does Steady State mean?

Answer 20

Steady-state concentration occurs when the amount of a drug being absorbed is the same amount that’s being cleared from the body when the drug is given continuously or repeatedly. Steady-state concentration is the time during which the concentration of the drug in the body stays consistent

Question 21

What is a partial agonist?

Answer 21

A partial agonist cannot produce the maximum response acting on receptors.

Question 22

How do you report an adverse Drug Reaction?

Answer 22

yellow Card

Question 23

What is an adverse Drug Reaction?

Answer 23

When a side effect occurs above the usual/expected level, it becomes an adverse drug reaction.

Question 24

What is a full agonist?

Answer 24

Can produce the maximum response on receptors.

Question 25

define an inverse agonist?

Answer 25

In pharmacology, an inverse agonist is a drug that binds to the same receptor as an agonist but induces a pharmacological response opposite to that of the agonist.

Question 26

What is a LIGAND?

Answer 26

a substance that binds with a receptor

Question 27

Ability of a drug to bind to only one type of receptor or manifest only one kind of action is called….

Answer 27

Specificity.

Question 28

Affinity is..

Answer 28

strength of interaction between a drug and a receptor binding site.

Question 29

how many micrograms in 1MG

Answer 29

1000micrograms

Question 30

how many milligrams in 1 Gram

Answer 30

1000miligrams.

Question 31

What is a lipid soluble drug?

Answer 31

Able to dissolves in fats, oils or fatty tissues

Question 32

Where are most drugs metabolised?

Answer 32

Liver

Question 33

The study in the way in which the drug affects the body is called

Answer 33

Pharmacodynamics

Question 34

Which route of administration is the fastest to achieve therapeutic plasma levels?

Answer 34

Intravenous route

Question 35

What type of drug blocks a receptor site called?

Answer 35

Antagonist

Question 36

For how long is a prescription for a Schedule 2 drug valid?

Answer 36

28 days

Question 37

Most drugs and their metabolites are excreted via?

Answer 37

The Kidneys

Question 38

The first line treatment for anaphylaxis is

Answer 38

Intramuscular Adreniline

Question 39

The removal of some or all of the drug by the liver before it has had a therapeutic effect is called

Answer 39

The first pass effect

Question 40

A lipid soluble drug will be attracted to

Answer 40

Fat

Question 41

What 2 organs are the most important to consider the functions of when prescribing certain medications for certain groups?

Answer 41

liver
Kidneys

Question 42

Explain the significance of a black Triangle next to a drug in the BNF?

Answer 42

New or monitored drugs that are under surveillance.

Question 43

What does EGFR mean and what is its significance

Answer 43

ESTIMATED GLOWMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.

Indicates renal function
How well the kidneys are functioning and can filtrate toxins.