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chem > naming polyatomic ions > Flashcards

naming polyatomic ions Flashcards

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1
Q

hydronium

A

H3O+

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1
Q

ammonium

A

NH4+

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2
Q

hydroxide

A

OH−

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3
Q

acetate

A

CH3COO− or C2H3O2−

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4
Q

cyanide

A

CN−

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5
Q

carbonate

A

CO32−

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6
Q

bicarbonate

A

HCO3−

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7
Q

nitrite

A

NO2−

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8
Q

nitrate

A

NO3-

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9
Q

sulfate

A

SO42−

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10
Q

hydrogen sulfate

A

HSO4−

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11
Q

sulfite

A

SO32−

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12
Q

phosphate

A

PO43−

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13
Q

hydrogen phosphate

A

HPO42−

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14
Q

perchlorate

A

ClO4−

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15
Q

chlorite

A

ClO2−

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16
Q

chlorate

A

ClO3−

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17
Q

hypochlorite

A

ClO−

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18
Q

permanganate

A

MnO4−

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19
Q

1

A

mono

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20
Q

2

A

di

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21
Q

3

A

tri

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22
Q

4

A

tetra

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23
Q

5

A

penta

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24
Q

6

A

hexa

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25
Q

7

A

hepta

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26
Q

8

A

octa

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27
Q

9

A

nona

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28
Q

10

A

deca

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29
Q

atomic radius increases as you go

A

down and to the left

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30
Q

nonmetallic characters increase

A

up to the right

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31
Q

metallic characteristics increase

A

down to the left

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32
Q

How much the atom wants to
gain an electron

A

electron affinity

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33
Q

How much the atom wants to lose an electron

A

ionization energy

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34
Q

ionization energy increases in which direction?

A

up to the right

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35
Q

electron energy increase in which direction?

A

up to the right

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36
Q

These elements are found as diatomics in nature:

A

H2 N2 F2 O2 I2 Cl2 Br2

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37
Q

how to remember diatomics in nature

A

have no fear of ice cold beer

38
Q

what groups are exceptions to electron affinity?

A

2, 15, 18

39
Q

2 domains, 0 lone pairs

A

linear

40
Q

3 domains, 1 lone pairs

A

bent

40
Q

3 domains, 0 lone pair

A

trigonal planar

41
Q

4 domains 0 lone pairs

A

tetrahedral

42
Q

4 domains 1 lone pair

A

trgonal pyramid

43
Q

4 domains 2 lone pirs

A

bent

44
Q

5 domains 0 lone pairs

A

trigonal bypyramidal

45
Q

5 domains 1 lone pair

A

seesaw

46
Q

5 domains 2 lone pairs

A

t shape

47
Q

5 domains 3 lone pairs

A

linear

48
Q

6 domains 0 lone pairs

A

octohedral

49
Q

6 domains 1 lone pair

A

square pyramid

50
Q

6 domains 2 lone pairs

A

square planar

51
Q

6 domains 3 lone pairs

A

t shape

52
Q

6 domains 4 lone pairs

A

linear

53
Q

bond angles for all domains start from 2 to 6

A

180, 120, 109.5, 90, 90 180

54
Q

temperature and volume are

A

directly proportional

55
Q

temperature and pressure are

A

directly proportional

56
Q

moles and volume are

A

directly proportional

57
Q

Physical Change

A

usually state changes
remains the same substance

58
Q

chemical changes

A

breaking/forming of bonds
substance changes

59
Q

sublimation

A

solid to gas

60
Q

melting

A

solid to liquid

61
Q

liquid to gas

A

vaporization

62
Q

gas to liquid

A

condensation

63
Q

liquid to solid

A

freezing

64
Q

gas to solid

A

deposition

65
Q

Isotopes

A

elements with same number of protons but different number of neutrons. Identical atomic
numbers but different mass numbers.

66
Q

short wavelength=

A

more energy

67
Q

which of the type of waves has the shortest wavelength

A

gamma rays

68
Q

which of the type of waves has the greatest wavelength

A

radio waves

69
Q

orbital diagram bond order=

A

1/2 ((number of bonding electrons)- (antibonding electrons))

70
Q

polar bonds create a permanent dipole-

A

unequal sharing of electrons

71
Q

formal charge=

A

valence electrons-#of bonds-pair

72
Q

covalent

A

between two nonmetals. Electrons are shared. Can be polar or nonpolar covalent bonds

73
Q

A nonpolar bond is ___ sharing of electrons.

A

equal

74
Q

metallic bonds are free flowing, also known as=

A

delocalized

75
Q

Ionic Bonds

A

electrons are transferred

76
Q

electronic transition

A

Any movement of an electron between energy levels

77
Q

(t/f) molecules in a gas interact less with each other then in molecules of liquid

A

true

78
Q

(t/f)red light(750 nm) has a higher energy than violet light (400 nm)

A

false

79
Q

(t/f) the angular momentum quantum number(l) describes the shape of an orbital

A

true

80
Q

(t/f)an electron emitted from the n=3->n=1 level has a higher frequency then an electron emitted from n=4->n=3 energy level in a hydrogen a tom

A

true

81
Q

in precision and accuracy everything has

A

random error

82
Q

the product of every acid base neutralization are h2o and nacl(t/f)

A

false

83
Q

combustion reactions involve oxygen as a reactant (t/f)

A

true

84
Q

the limiting reactant in a chemucal reaction is the reactant that always has the least mass at the start of the chemical reaction(t/f)

A

false

85
Q

manganese un Mn(NO3) has an oxidation state of +4 (t/f)

A

false

86
Q

C-F is more polar then C-O because t

A

there is a greater distance

87
Q

cations are ____then neutrol and anions are ____ then neutral

A

larger, smaller

88
Q

ionic compounds are brittle and have high melting points (t/f)

A

true

89
Q

forming a chemical bond is

A

edothermic

89
Q

heat is the transfer of energy from a warmer object yo a _____

A

cooler

90
Q

energy stored in a chemical bond is

A

potential energy

chem (6 decks)

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