Naming Organic Compounds Flashcards
What is a functional group?
A functional group is a chemical structure that is responsible for a specific chemical property of an organic compound.
What does the term saturated mean?
Saturated means the maximum number of bonding groups possible
When are hydrocarbons saturated?
Only when they contain single bonds.
Are alkanes saturated?
Yes, bc they contain only single bonds.
Are alkynes & alkenes saturated?
No, bc more than one singular bond
What is the first step in determining the formula for an organic compound?
Identify the no. of carbons within the longest chain denoted by the prefix
What is the second step in determining the IUPAC name?
Identifying the suffix - (-ane, -ene or -yne)
What is the locant?
A locant is the number relative to the longest carbon chain
What is the prefixs for no. of carbons in the longest chain?
1 = meth-
2= eth-
3= prop-
4= but-
5=pent-
6=hex-
7=hept-
8=oct-
9=non-
10=dec-
What is an alcohol?
OC that contains a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group. The suffix is ‘-ol’.
What is the difference between aldehyde & ketone?
Aldehydes are OC that have a carbonyl group (C=O) at the end of the hydrocarbon chain. Ketones are OC that have a carbonyl group somewhere in the middle of the hydrocarbon chain.
What are carboxylic acids?
OC that are terminated by the carboxyl (-COOH) functional group.
What is an amide?
An amide is where the organic compound contains a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.
What is a primary amine?
Dropping the terminal ‘e’ on the corresponding hydrocarbon’s name, then appending the suffix ‘amine’.
What is an amide?
An amide is where the carboxyl group is attached to the nitrogen atom. Amides are named by first determining the main carbon chain
