Naming neoplasms

Question 1

what is the suffix for benign and malignant neoplasms?

Answer 1

benign: - oma
epithelial malignant (90%): -carcinoma
stromal malignant (10%): -sarcoma

Question 2

what is the difference between in-situ and invasive neoplasms

Answer 2

in-situ = no invasion through epithelial basement membrane
invasive = penetrated through basement membrane

Question 3

leukaemia is?

Answer 3

malignant neoplasm of blood-forming cells arising in the BM

Question 4

lymphoma is?

Answer 4

malignant neoplasm of lymphocytes, mainly affecting lymph nodes, eg Hodgkin’s disease and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma

Question 5

myeloma is?

Answer 5

malignant neoplasm of plasma cells

Question 6

germ cell neoplasms arise from?

Answer 6

pluripotent cells, mainly in testis or ovary

Question 7

neuroendocrine tumours arise from?

Answer 7

cells distributed throughout the body

Question 8

“-blastomas” are?

Answer 8

neoplasms mainly occuring in children, formed from immature precursor cells, e.g. nephroblastoma

Question 9

a polyp is?

Answer 9

abnormal growth of tissue projecting from a mucous membrane

Question 10

describe 3 different types of polyps

Answer 10

• papilloma: any tumour with finger-like projections
• sessile: slightly raised
• pedoncle: polyp at end of stalk

Question 11

adenoma is?

Answer 11

benign tumour of epithelial tissue with glandular origin and/or characteristics

Question 12

squamous cell papilloma is?

Answer 12

benign papilloma of squamous epithelial tissue

Question 13

adenocarcinoma is?

Answer 13

malignant tumour of epithelial tissue with glandular origin and/or characteristics

Question 14

basal cell carcinoma is?

Answer 14

malignant skin tumour

Question 15

leiomyoma and leiomyosarcoma are?

Answer 15

benign and malignant smooth muscle neoplasm

Question 16

fibroma and fibrosarcoma are?

Answer 16

benign and malignant fibrous tissue neoplasm

Question 17

osteoma and osteosarcoma are?

Answer 17

benign and malignant bone neoplasm

Question 18

chondroma and chondrosarcoma are?

Answer 18

benign and malignant cartilage neoplasm

Question 19

lipoma and liposarcoma are?

Answer 19

benign and malignant fat neoplasm

Question 20

neuroma is?

Answer 20

benign nerve neoplasm

Question 21

neurofibroma is?

Answer 21

benign nerve sheath neoplasm

Question 22

glioma and malignant glioma are?

Answer 22

benign and malignant glial cell neoplasm

Question 23

teratoma is?

Answer 23

tumour with tissue or organ components resembling normal derivatives of more than one germ layer.

Question 24

seminoma is?

Answer 24

malignant teratoma in testes

Question 25

dermoid cyst is?

Answer 25

benign teratoma in ovaries

Question 26

name 3 types of neuroendocrine tumours

Answer 26

1. carcinoid tumours (various organs)
2. phaeochromocytoma (adrenal)
3. small cell carcinoma of bronchus