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CHEM121A > Naming Compounds > Flashcards

Naming Compounds Flashcards

1
Q

What is (NH3)?

A

Ammonia

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2
Q

What does a Roman Numeral indicate?

A

The charge (of the cation)

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3
Q

How do you calculate the amount of moles in an element/compound when only given the mass (g)?

A

moles = mass/molar mass

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4
Q

What is the molar mass of CO2?

A

C=12.01
O= 2(16.00)

MM= 44.01 moles

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5
Q

what is avogadro’s number?

A

6.02 x 10^23

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6
Q

How to you go from grams to moles of a substance?

A

Divide the grams by the molar mass of substance

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7
Q

How do you go from moles to grams of a substance?

A

Multiply by the moles of singular substance by the molar mass of total substance

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8
Q

How do you go from moles to numbers of atoms/molecules of a substance?

A

Multiply moles of substance by avogadro’s number and number of atoms/molecules.

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9
Q

How do you go from atoms/molecules of a substance to moles?

A

Divide by avogadro’s number.

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10
Q

What is aluminum sulfide?

A

Al2S3

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11
Q

What is the chemical formula for THC?

A

C21H30O2

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12
Q

What is the conversion from μg to g?

A

1μg = 10^-6 g

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13
Q

What is methane?

A

CH4

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14
Q

What indicates charge?

A

Roman Numerals

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15
Q

What group are the metals that form only ONE CATION (only one possible charge)?

A

group 1A and 2A and Al^3+ (group 3A)

Transition metal ions Ag^+ (group 1B), Zn^2+ (group 2B) and Cd^2+ (group 2B) mostly form only ONE CATION in most situations.

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16
Q

Roman numerals indicate what?

A

The charge of ions

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17
Q

Cations formed from molecules composed of NONMETAL ATOMS have names that end in what?

A

-ium

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18
Q

Molecules that end in -ium are what?

A

Cations formed from molecules composed of NONMETAL ATOMS have names that end in -ium.

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19
Q

What’s charge of 1+ with a formula of H^+?

A

Hydrogen ion

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20
Q

What is H^+?

A

Hydrogen ion

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21
Q

Li^+ (1+ charge) is called?

A

Lithium ion

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22
Q

Na^+ (1+ charge) is?

A

Sodium ion

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23
Q

K^+ (1+ charge)

A

Potassium ion

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24
Q

Cs^+

A

Cesium Ion (1+ charge)

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25
Q

Ag^+

A

Silver ion (1+ charge)

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26
Q

Mg^2+

A

Magnesium ion (2+ charge)

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27
Q

Ca^2+

A

Calcium ion (2+ charge)

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28
Q

Sr^2+

A

Strontium ion (2+ charge)

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29
Q

Ba^2+

A

Barium ion (2+ charge)

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30
Q

Zn^2+

A

Zinc ion (2+ charge)

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31
Q

Cd^2+

A

Cadmium ion (2+ charge)

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32
Q

Al^3+

A

Aluminum ion (3+ charge)

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33
Q

NH4^+

A

Ammonium ion (1+ charge)

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34
Q

Cu^+

A

Copper (I)

OR

cuprous ion (1+ charge)

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35
Q

Co^2+

A

Cobalt (II)
OR
Cobaltous ion (2+ charge)

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36
Q

Cu^2+

A

Copper (II) or

cupric ion (2+ charge)

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37
Q

Fe^2+

A

Iron (II) or ferrous iron

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38
Q

Mn^2+

A

Maganese (II) or

maganous ion (2+ charge)

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39
Q

Hg2^2+

A

mercury (I) or

mercuric ion (2+ charge)

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40
Q

Ni^2+

A

nickel (II) or

nickelous ion (2+ charge)

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41
Q

Pb^2+

A

Lead (II) or

plumbous ion (2+ charge)

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42
Q

Sn^2+

A

Tin (II) or

stannous ion

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43
Q

Cr^3+

A

chromium (III) or chromic ion

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44
Q

Fe^3+

A

iron (III) or

ferric ion

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45
Q

H-

A

hydride ion (anion)

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46
Q

O^2-

A

oxide ion

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47
Q

N^3-

A

nitride ion

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48
Q

OH^-

A

hydroxide ion

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49
Q

CN^-

A

cyanide ion

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50
Q

O2^2-

A

peroxide ion

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51
Q

NO3^-

A

niTRATE ion

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52
Q

NO2^-

A

NitrITE ion

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53
Q

SO4^2-

A

SulfATE ion

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54
Q

SO3^2-

A

SulfITE ion

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55
Q

ClO4^-

A

PERchlorATE ion

(one more O atom than chlorate)

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56
Q

ClO3^-

A

chlorATE ion

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57
Q

ClO2^-

A

ChlorITE ion (one O atom FEWER than CHLORATE —> what is chlorate?)

chlorate ion= ClO3^-

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58
Q

ClO^-

A

HYPOchlorITE ion (one O atom FEWER than chlorITE —> what is chlorITE?)

chlorite ion = ClO2^-

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59
Q

What is C?

A

carbon

60
Q

What is F?

A

Flourine

61
Q

What is H?

A

Hydrogen

62
Q

What is I?

A

Iodine

63
Q

What is N?

A

Nitrogen

64
Q

What is O?

A

Oxygen

65
Q

What is P?

A

Phosphorous

66
Q

What is S?

A

Sulfur

67
Q

What is Al?

A

Aluminum

68
Q

What is Br?

A

Bromine

69
Q

What is calcium?

A

Ca

70
Q

What is chlorine?

A

Cl

71
Q

What is Helium?

A

He

72
Q

What is Li?

A

Lithium

73
Q

What is Mg?

A

Magnesium

74
Q

What is Si?

A

Silicon

75
Q

What is copper?

A

Cu

76
Q

What is iron?

A

Fe

77
Q

What is Lead?

A

Pb

78
Q

What is Hg?

A

Mercury

79
Q

What is Potassium?

A

K

80
Q

What is silver?

A

Ag

81
Q

What is sodium?

A

Na

82
Q

What is tin?

A

Sn

83
Q

name and abbreviation of length in SI Units?

A

Meter / m

84
Q

name and abbreviation of mass in SI Units?

A

Kilogram / kg

85
Q

name and abbreviation of temperature in SI units?

A

Kelvin / K

86
Q

name and abbreviation of time in SI units?

A

second / s or sec

87
Q

name and abbreviation of amount of substance in SI units?

A

mole / mol

88
Q

How do you name an IONIC compound?

A

Cation name + anion name (-ide ending), PREDICT CHARGE

89
Q

How do you name an acidic ionic compound?

A

H acts as cation, naming differs by type of oxyacid or binary acid

90
Q

How do you name an oxyacid?

A

Hydrogen + polyatomic ion

WHAT I ATE MADE ME SIC
THE SNAKE BITE WAS POISONOUS

91
Q

How do you name a binary acid?

A

Hydrogen + single nonmetal

Hydro______IC ACID

92
Q

How do you name a molecular compound?

A

nonmetal + nonmetal (no overall charge)

standard
—> nonmetal + nonmetal -ide ending

diatomic
big 7 just called the element name

93
Q

How do you convert grams to moles?

A

divide by molar mass

94
Q

how do you convert moles to grams?

A

multiply by the molar mass

95
Q

what is molar mass?

A

amu x amount of molecules

96
Q

moles to number of atoms/molecules?

A

moles x avo. #

97
Q

number of atoms/molecules to moles?

A

number of atoms/molecules divided by avo #

98
Q

what is molecular formula weight?

A

molecular weight / empirical weight

molecular = given
empirical = EMPIRICAL (total mass x molecules)

99
Q

what is density?

A

d = m/v

100
Q

what are elements?

A

cannot be broken down into any simpler substance

101
Q

what are compounds?

A

substances made of two or more elements

102
Q

what is a homogenous mixture?

A

a mixture who’s composition is UNIFORM throughout

(alloy, air, solutions, wine)

103
Q

what is a heterogenous mixture?

A

a mixture who’s composition is NOT uniform throughout

(granite, sand + water, smog, “cookie”)

104
Q

physical properties/changes?

A

properties that can be observed without changes to the substances or composition (a change in appearance but NOT composition)

105
Q

chemical properties?

A

properties based on how a substance reacts; undergoes a transformation into a different substance.

106
Q

evaporation of rubbing alcohol is what type of property change?

A

physical

107
Q

burning of lamp oil is what type of property?

A

chemical

108
Q

bleaching hair is what type of property change?

A

chemical

109
Q

formation of frost on cold night is what type of property change?

A

physical

110
Q

what is filtration?

A

separates mixtures of solids and liquids

111
Q

what is distillation?

A

separates mixtures based on boiling point.

112
Q

atomic number is what?

A

at the top

113
Q

atomic weight on periodic table is where?

A

at the bottom (averaged)

114
Q

horizontal = ?

A

periods

115
Q

vertical = ?

A

groups

116
Q

metals are where?

A

near the left

117
Q

nonmetals are where?

A

near the right

118
Q

metalloids are where?

A

the ladder area

119
Q

what group are Alkali Metals?

A

Group 1A - HIGHLY REACTIVE

120
Q

group of alkali earth metals?

A

group 2A - LESS REACTIVE

121
Q

halogens are group what?

A

group 7A - mostly gases

122
Q

transition metals are group what?

A

Groups 3B - 2B —> UNEASY TO PREDICT (middle chunk)

123
Q

what group are nobel gases?

A

group 8A - monoatomic(one atom) and NONREACTIVE

124
Q

chemical formula does what?

A

determines the # of each ATOM in the molecule using SUBSCRIPTS

125
Q

what do empirical formulas do?

A

show the ratio of atoms in a compound (percent wise)

126
Q

what are ionic compounds?

A

compounds formed between a metal and nonmetal. bonded thru electron transfer

127
Q

what are molecular compounds?

A

compounds formed between nonmetals and bonded through electron SHARING.

128
Q

alkaline earth metals typically form ions w a what charge?

A

2+ charge

129
Q

polyatomic prefixes? IN ORDER?

A

mono
di
tri
tetra
penta
hex’s
hepta
octa
nona
deca

130
Q

Name H3PO4 and identity the type of molecule

A

acid —> oxyacid —> phosphoric acid

131
Q

Name HCl

A

binary acid —> hydrochloric acid

132
Q

What is hypochlorite acid?

A

HClO (hypochlorite + O)

133
Q

What is Hydroiodic acid?

A

binary —> HI

(binary gets the hydro and ICK)

134
Q

binary gives the what?

A

THE ICK (hydro before)

135
Q

what i ate made me sick
the snake bite was poisonous

A

ATE = IC
ITE = OUS

136
Q

what are the big 7?

A

EXCEPTIONS FOR PREFIXES

Hydrogen (H2)
Nitrogen (N2)
Oxygen (O2)
Flourine (O2)
Chlorine (Cl2)
Bromine (Br2)
Iodine (I2)

137
Q

combustion reaction?

A

two or more reagents form one product

A+B —> C

138
Q

decomposition reaction?

A

one reagent produces two or more products

A —> B+C

139
Q

combustion reaction often produces..

A

flame and is rapid; O2 is many times a reagent and CO2 and H2O are products.

140
Q

how do you find percent yield?

A

(actual / theoretical) x 100

141
Q

what’s the how to empirical poem?

A

percent to mass
mass to mole
divide by small
multiply til whole

142
Q

of neutrons changing makes an ion what

A

an isotope

143
Q

positive charge; what happens to electrons?

A

LOSE ELECTRONS

144
Q

how do u identify an oxyacid?

A

if it has H and Oxygen and one other element in it.

145
Q

how do you identify a binary acid?

A

if it has H and a nonmetal

CHEM121A (2 decks)

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