Naming Carboxylic acids, Esters and Amides Flashcards
how to name carboxylic acids
name normal, but change ending from “-ane” to “-oic acid”
*if there are carboxylic acids on both end carbons, name as normal name, but add dioic acid. (ex: ethanedioic acid)
how to name esters
- 1st word is the alkyl group of the alcohol part like normal
- 2nd word is the carboxylate of carb. acid with “-oate”
what is a cyclic ether called?
how are they formed/
lactone
via intramolecular fisher esterification
how to name amides
- treat alkyl groups on N as substituents, give position by “N” suffix
- name the acid part, drop “-oic” suffix, add “-amide”
what is cyclic amide called?
lactam
how to name acid chlorides
name carb acid part, replace “-oic acid” with “-oyl halide”
how to name anhydrides
- name both acid parts
- replace acid w/ “anhydride”, if its symmetric anyhydride
what is a 4 carbon ring with carboxylic acids at both ends?
succinate
what is the name of a 2 carbon compound with carboxylic acids on both ends?
ethanedioic acid or oxalic acid
what is the name of a 3 carbon compound with carboxylic acids on both ends?
propanedioic acid or melodic acid
what is the name of a 4 carbon compound with carboxylic acids on both ends?
butanedioic acid or succinic acid
what is the name of a benzene ring with 2 carboxylic acids on it?
phthalic acid
what is the name of a 2 carbon compound with 1 carboxylic acid on it?
acetate
Give common names for: 1, 2, and 3 carbon carboxylic acids
- formic acid
- acetic acid
- propionic
Give common names for 4, 5, and 6 carbon carboxylic acids
- butyric acid
- Valerie acid
- caloric acid
Give common names for ethanedioic acid, propanedioic acid and butanedioic acids
- oxalic acid
- malonic acid
- succinc acid
