Names n relations

Question 1

Cassandra

Answer 1

was a daughter of King Priam and of Queen Hecuba of Troy in Greek mythology.

Apollo gave her the power of prophecy. When she refused him, he spat into her mouth to inflict a curse that nobody would ever believe her

rhetorical device to indicate someone whose accurate prophecies are not believed by those around them

Question 2

Apollo

Answer 2

Olympian deity, son of Zeus and Let, twin sister, the chaste huntress Artemis

The ideal of the kouros, recognized as a god of music, poetry, truth and prophecy, healing, the sun and light

Hermes created the lyre for him, and the instrument became a common attribute

Question 3

kouros

Answer 3

a beardless, athletic youth

Question 4

Artemis

Answer 4

twin sister of Apollo widely venerated of the Ancient Greek goddess

Hellenic goddess of the hunt, wild animals, wilderness, childbirth, virginity and protector of young girls

carrying a bow and arrows. The deer and the cypress were sacred to her

Question 5

Hermes

Answer 5

emissary and messenger of the gods. Hermes was also “the divine trickster” and “the god of boundaries and the transgression of boundaries, … the patron of herdsmen, thieves, graves, and heralds.
moving freely between the worlds of the mortal and divine

attributes and symbols include the herma, the rooster, the tortoise, satchel or pouch, winged sandals, and winged cap

Question 6

herma

Answer 6

English ‘herm’, is a sculpture with a head, and perhaps a torso, above a plain, usually squared lower section, on which male genitals may also be carved at the appropriate height
sculpture apotropaic function

Question 7

Apotropaic magic

Answer 7

Greek apotrepein “to ward off” from apo- “away” and trepein “to turn”) is a type of magic intended to turn away harm or evil influences, as in deflecting misfortune or averting the evil eye

Question 8

Priam

Answer 8

Príamos, pronounced [prí.amos]) was the legendary king of Troy during the Trojan War. His many children included notable characters like Hector and Paris and Cassandra

Question 9

Achilles

Answer 9

central character and greatest warrior of Homer’s Iliad.

His mother was the immortal Nereid Thetis

most notable feat during the Trojan War was the slaying of the Trojan hero Hector outside the gates of Troy.

killed near the end of the Trojan War by Paris

Question 10

Thetis

Answer 10

sea nymph, a goddess of water, or one of the 50 Nereids, daughters of the ancient sea god Nereus

Question 11

Nereid

Answer 11

are sea nymphs (female spirits of sea waters), the 50 daughters of Nereus and Doris, sisters to Nerites.
They often accompany Poseidon, the god of the sea, and can be friendly and helpful to sailors,

Question 12

Galatea

Answer 12

Galatea “she who is milk-white”
was a sea-nymph anciently attested in the work of both Homer and Hesiod, where she is described as the fairest and most beloved of the 50 Nereids

Question 13

nymphs

Answer 13

A nymph in Greek mythology is a minor female nature deity typically associated with a particular location or landform.

Different from other goddesses, nymphs are divine spirits who animate nature, beautiful, young nubile maidens who love to dance and sing;

their amorous freedom sets them apart from the restricted and chaste wives and daughters of the Greek polis.

Question 14

Agamemnon

Answer 14

In Greek mythology, Agamemnon
the brother of Menelaus,
the husband of Clytemnestra
and the father of Iphigenia, Electra

son of King Atreus and Queen Aerope of Mycenae

Question 15

Menelaus

Answer 15

was a king of Sparta, the husband of Helen of Troy

central figure in the Trojan War, leading the Spartan contingent of the Greek army, under his elder brother Agamemnon

Question 16

Helen of troy

Answer 16

married to King Menelaus of Sparta, but was abducted by Prince Paris of Troy
believed to have been the daughter of Zeus and Leda, and was the sister of Clytemnestra, Castor and Polydeuces.

Question 17

agoge

Answer 17

rigorous education and training program mandated for all male Spartan citizens
military training (e.g., pain tolerance), hunting, dancing, singing, and social
from the ages of seven to twenty-one.

encouraged conformity and the importance of the Spartan state over one’s personal interest and generated the future elites of Sparta.The men would become the “walls of Sparta”

Question 18

agoge discipline

Answer 18

one item of clothing per year — a red cloak known as a Phoinikis
They also created beds out of reeds pulled by hand, with no knife, from the Eurotas River. Boys were intentionally underfed to encourage them to steal food for themselves; however, they were severely punished for stealing. This was also meant to produce well-built soldiers rather than fat ones. This let the boys become accustomed to hunger, and this prevented hunger from being a problem during battle.

Question 19

Sparta

Answer 19

was a prominent city-state in ancient Greece. In antiquity the city-state was known as Lakedaímōn
in Peloponnese. Around 650 BC, it rose to become the dominant military land-power in ancient Greece.

Sparta was unique in ancient Greece for its social system and constitution, which configured their entire society to maximize military proficiency at all costs, and completely focused on military training and excellence. Its inhabitants were classified in different

Question 20

mycenae

Answer 20

Mykēnē is an archaeological site near in north-eastern Peloponnese, peak in 1350 BC, the citadel and lower town had a population of 30,000

Question 21

Clytemnestra

Answer 21

was the wife of Agamemnon and queen of Mycenae (or sometimes Argos) in ancient Greek legend. In the Oresteia by Aeschylus, she murdered Agamemnon – said by Euripides to be her second husband – and the Trojan princess Cassandra, whom he had taken as war prize following the sack of Troy; however, in Homer’s Odyssey, her role in Agamemnon’s death is unclear and her character is significantly more subdued.

Question 22

castor and pollux

Answer 22

Their mother was Leda, but they had different fathers; Castor was the mortal son of Tyndareus, the king of Sparta, while Pollux was the divine son of Zeus, who seduced Leda in the guise of a swan.
they are sometimes said to have been born from an egg, along with their twin sisters Helen of Troy and Clytemnestra.
The pair were regarded as the patrons of sailors, to whom they appeared as St. Elmo’s fire.

Question 23

Iphigenie

Answer 23

was a daughter of King Agamemnon and Queen Clytemnestra, and thus a princess of Mycenae. Agamemnon offends the goddess Artemis, who retaliates by commanding him to kill Iphigenia as a sacrifice so his ships can sail to Troy. In some versions, Iphigenia is sacrificed at Aulis, but in others, Artemis rescues her.[1]

Question 24

satyr

Answer 24

is a male nature spirit with ears and a tail resembling those of a horse, as well as a permanent, exaggerated erection.

Comically hideous, they have mane-like hair, bestial faces, are always shown naked.
Satyrs were characterized by their ribaldry and were known as lovers of wine, music, dancing, and women. They were companions of the god Dionysus and were believed to inhabit remote locales, such as woodlands, mountains, and pastures.

They often attempted to seduce or rape nymphs and mortal women alike, usually with little success

Question 25

faun

Answer 25

The goat man, more commonly affiliated with the Satyrs of Greek mythology or Fauns of Roman, is a bipedal creature with the legs and tail of a goat and the head and torso of a man and is often depicted with goat’s horns and pointed ears.

Question 26

Penthesilea

Answer 26

Penthesileia was an Amazonian queen in Greek mythology, the daughter of Ares and Otrera and the sister of Hippolyta, Antiope and Melanie.
She had killed Hippolyta with a spear when they were hunting deer; this accident caused Penthesilea so much grief that she wished only to die, but, as a warrior and an Amazon, she had to do so honorably and in battle. She therefore was easily convinced to join in the Trojan War, fighting on the side of Troy’s defenders.