Details

Question 1

Ancient individuals who preached better treatment of slaves?

Answer 1

ARISTOTLE, slaves are humans, there is no natural difference between slaves and masters

SENECA- everyone is a child of zeus, they are humans be kind

EPICTETUS- freed man who claims slaves are humans too and again offsprings of Zeus

Question 2

Ancient authors who preached better treatment of slaves for personal reasons

Answer 2

Seneca claims it benefits to be kind as slaves treated better are more likely to die for you etc

New Testament- everyone is slave to lord thus treat slaves how you wish to be treated

Xenophon- treats honest slaves better and the bad ones worse to get better work

Question 3

Ancient source and US sources claiming some are slaves by nature

Answer 3

ARISTOTLE- they are different and “slaves by nature” - barbarians are more servile. And that slaves are needed as jobs exist that people dont have time for

FITZHUGH- Saves them from capitalism and would always be lower class if not in slavery. Also that they are mentally behind thus can only do this work

O’Connor- “Negro is assigned by nature” and they lack the brains to do any other work

Question 4

Ancient sources on picking good vilicus

Answer 4

Cato, cant be drunks etc
Varro, Give them better treatment e.g cattle
Columella, give them quarters to watch people

Question 5

What was a Vilicus and a Vilica

Answer 5

Vilicus= Male overseer in antiquity
Vilica= His wife

Question 6

What ancient figures claims prisoned slaves do worse work

Answer 6

Pliny the elder, claims he wont hire prisoned slaves and that they do poorer quality work

Question 7

What ancient figure suggests gang labour/ chained slaves

Answer 7

Columella, vine dressers are smart and need to be chained as might run away
also chain slaves at night

Question 8

What ancient figure claims whipping is needed

Answer 8

Varrow claims it was sometimes needed, very similar to US where overseers there had whips that they used

Question 9

Who claims Vilicus’ should be gifted Vilica’s and why?

Answer 9

Cato, Columella, Marcus Cato, Varro

They claim they are more loyal slaves then and they dont rape or abuse power on lesser slaves. Also keeps them honest and more tied to land

Question 10

What does Ulpian think compare this to US

Answer 10

He claims slave families shouldn’t be split, In US, Western expansions meant that families split 800 miles from Virginia to Georgia

Question 11

Who claims slave women could get freedom for having children?

Answer 11

Columella

Question 12

Ancient sources for mills as a place of punishment?

Answer 12

Lysias= Whipped in mill or tell truth
Menanders Heros= Iron legs in mill
Cicero letters= Runaway put in prison or mill
Metamorphoses= Skinds stripped, branded, heads shaved, chained feet and white dust

Question 13

Ancient evidence of sexual slaves

Answer 13

Theophrastus= Fetch woman from pimp to pipe to happiness
Xenophon= Syracuse man brought evening merriment dancing girl and handsome boy and made money from them

Question 14

Ancient sources on gladiators

Answer 14

Cicero- Ban on elite putting games on for public favour
Juvenal= gladiators were sexy
Cassius Dio= Senators banned from participating

Question 15

Evidence of US fighters?

Answer 15

Lussana= prize fighters got less work and cost more

also TOM MOLINEAUS got freedom as a fighter after winning master $100,000

Question 16

Who claimed that the US south could not arm black people?

Answer 16

Howell Cobb, a senator claims they will lose all respect from soldiers and that If slaves will make good soldiers our whole theory of slavery is wrong.

Question 17

Secondary and ancient source on arming slaves in Muslim powers?

Answer 17

Brown- They had to arm slaves as colonies had their own loyalties

Khaldun- It is fine to separate families as they make better military powers having no loyalty but to jo band empire

Question 18

Roman sources on not arming slaves

Answer 18

Digest- forbidden can suffer capital punishment
Ulpian- those whose status is even in question cant join army
Ulpian- No slave can be enlisted

Question 19

Evidence of Rome & Greece arming slaves

Answer 19

SEUTONIUS- Claims in Augustan period had to arm slaves as desperate times and gave them all freedom

Greece similar but used them in navy primarily e.g Frogs, Dionysus pulls his slave for having not earned freedom as he was too lazy to row

Question 20

Ancient evidence of public slaves having status but still being slaves too

Answer 20

DEMOSTHENES- city slaves monitor city spending

ROMAN ANTIQUITIES- sibylline books are guarded by priests and public slaves

ARISTOPHANES- mocks but shows how Scythian archers were the police of society

AESCHINES AGAINST TIMARCHUS- public slaves attacked and whipped all night, no punishment for this

Question 21

Greek evidence of slaves earning money

Answer 21

Aeschines- shoemakers got obels
Isaeus- alce slave prostitute
comedies of menander- return Aphora to master

Question 22

Greek evidence of slaves earning freedom

Answer 22

Diogenes Laertrus- man freed slaves in death but have to work his garden for 4 more years
Delphi- God brought freedom but have to forever work there and do as told
Dodona- slaves asking if their master will actually free them

Question 23

Cuba cases of slave dispute

Answer 23

GUMERSINDA= overpriced with skills she doesnt have
MANUEL CORDOVA= work too long and hard
PAULINO= kept isolated cant earn wage as a result
JOSE ANTONIO= ripped off (he was a shoe maker) and will be punished
MARIA= Daughter behind on payments, in the street with no documents
MARIA= Punished for looking for new owners as lacking paperwork?

Question 24

Ancient authors on helots being rebellious

Answer 24

DIODORUS SICULUS= earthquake ende dup holding down camp in mountain for 10 years
XENOPHON= Cinadon pointed out how they outnumbered spartans
THYCYDIES= Treaty between athens and Sparta where athens helps them should the helots revolt
ARISTOTLE= Decelration of war made against helots so they could kill them
PLATO LAWS= Helots are one of the biggest issues

Question 25

Who were the Penestai and what about them?

Answer 25

Unfree labourers in Thessaly,
ARISTOTLE claims they were just as rebelious as Helots
and XENOPHONE claims athenian general armed them to help win war

Question 26

who claims Helot slived in villages?

Answer 26

Cartledge thus more rebellious as not close like Athens

Question 27

Who claims how much helots out number spartans and by how much?

Answer 27

Herodotus claims they out number 7:1

Question 28

ancient sources on buying slaves from same nationality

Answer 28

PSEUDO-ARISTOTLE= avoid buying slaves of the same nationality as more likely to revolt
PLATO= same thing as the language issue
ARISTOTLE= from same tribe more likely to rebel