Details Flashcards
Ancient individuals who preached better treatment of slaves?
ARISTOTLE, slaves are humans, there is no natural difference between slaves and masters
SENECA- everyone is a child of zeus, they are humans be kind
EPICTETUS- freed man who claims slaves are humans too and again offsprings of Zeus
Ancient authors who preached better treatment of slaves for personal reasons
Seneca claims it benefits to be kind as slaves treated better are more likely to die for you etc
New Testament- everyone is slave to lord thus treat slaves how you wish to be treated
Xenophon- treats honest slaves better and the bad ones worse to get better work
Ancient source and US sources claiming some are slaves by nature
ARISTOTLE- they are different and “slaves by nature” - barbarians are more servile. And that slaves are needed as jobs exist that people dont have time for
FITZHUGH- Saves them from capitalism and would always be lower class if not in slavery. Also that they are mentally behind thus can only do this work
O’Connor- “Negro is assigned by nature” and they lack the brains to do any other work
Ancient sources on picking good vilicus
Cato, cant be drunks etc
Varro, Give them better treatment e.g cattle
Columella, give them quarters to watch people
What was a Vilicus and a Vilica
Vilicus= Male overseer in antiquity
Vilica= His wife
What ancient figures claims prisoned slaves do worse work
Pliny the elder, claims he wont hire prisoned slaves and that they do poorer quality work
What ancient figure suggests gang labour/ chained slaves
Columella, vine dressers are smart and need to be chained as might run away
also chain slaves at night
What ancient figure claims whipping is needed
Varrow claims it was sometimes needed, very similar to US where overseers there had whips that they used
Who claims Vilicus’ should be gifted Vilica’s and why?
Cato, Columella, Marcus Cato, Varro
They claim they are more loyal slaves then and they dont rape or abuse power on lesser slaves. Also keeps them honest and more tied to land
What does Ulpian think compare this to US
He claims slave families shouldn’t be split, In US, Western expansions meant that families split 800 miles from Virginia to Georgia
Who claims slave women could get freedom for having children?
Columella
Ancient sources for mills as a place of punishment?
Lysias= Whipped in mill or tell truth
Menanders Heros= Iron legs in mill
Cicero letters= Runaway put in prison or mill
Metamorphoses= Skinds stripped, branded, heads shaved, chained feet and white dust
Ancient evidence of sexual slaves
Theophrastus= Fetch woman from pimp to pipe to happiness
Xenophon= Syracuse man brought evening merriment dancing girl and handsome boy and made money from them
Ancient sources on gladiators
Cicero- Ban on elite putting games on for public favour
Juvenal= gladiators were sexy
Cassius Dio= Senators banned from participating
Evidence of US fighters?
Lussana= prize fighters got less work and cost more
also TOM MOLINEAUS got freedom as a fighter after winning master $100,000
Who claimed that the US south could not arm black people?
Howell Cobb, a senator claims they will lose all respect from soldiers and that If slaves will make good soldiers our whole theory of slavery is wrong.
Secondary and ancient source on arming slaves in Muslim powers?
Brown- They had to arm slaves as colonies had their own loyalties
Khaldun- It is fine to separate families as they make better military powers having no loyalty but to jo band empire
Roman sources on not arming slaves
Digest- forbidden can suffer capital punishment
Ulpian- those whose status is even in question cant join army
Ulpian- No slave can be enlisted
Evidence of Rome & Greece arming slaves
SEUTONIUS- Claims in Augustan period had to arm slaves as desperate times and gave them all freedom
Greece similar but used them in navy primarily e.g Frogs, Dionysus pulls his slave for having not earned freedom as he was too lazy to row
Ancient evidence of public slaves having status but still being slaves too
DEMOSTHENES- city slaves monitor city spending
ROMAN ANTIQUITIES- sibylline books are guarded by priests and public slaves
ARISTOPHANES- mocks but shows how Scythian archers were the police of society
AESCHINES AGAINST TIMARCHUS- public slaves attacked and whipped all night, no punishment for this
Greek evidence of slaves earning money
Aeschines- shoemakers got obels
Isaeus- alce slave prostitute
comedies of menander- return Aphora to master
Greek evidence of slaves earning freedom
Diogenes Laertrus- man freed slaves in death but have to work his garden for 4 more years
Delphi- God brought freedom but have to forever work there and do as told
Dodona- slaves asking if their master will actually free them
Cuba cases of slave dispute
GUMERSINDA= overpriced with skills she doesnt have
MANUEL CORDOVA= work too long and hard
PAULINO= kept isolated cant earn wage as a result
JOSE ANTONIO= ripped off (he was a shoe maker) and will be punished
MARIA= Daughter behind on payments, in the street with no documents
MARIA= Punished for looking for new owners as lacking paperwork?
Ancient authors on helots being rebellious
DIODORUS SICULUS= earthquake ende dup holding down camp in mountain for 10 years
XENOPHON= Cinadon pointed out how they outnumbered spartans
THYCYDIES= Treaty between athens and Sparta where athens helps them should the helots revolt
ARISTOTLE= Decelration of war made against helots so they could kill them
PLATO LAWS= Helots are one of the biggest issues
Who were the Penestai and what about them?
Unfree labourers in Thessaly,
ARISTOTLE claims they were just as rebelious as Helots
and XENOPHONE claims athenian general armed them to help win war
who claims Helot slived in villages?
Cartledge thus more rebellious as not close like Athens
Who claims how much helots out number spartans and by how much?
Herodotus claims they out number 7:1
ancient sources on buying slaves from same nationality
PSEUDO-ARISTOTLE= avoid buying slaves of the same nationality as more likely to revolt
PLATO= same thing as the language issue
ARISTOTLE= from same tribe more likely to rebel
