Names Flashcards
Support for ZPD
Roazzi
Support for scaffolding
Conner and cross
Research support for the existence of evidence for the individual formation of mental representation
Howe- study where children put objects down a slope.
All children had a greater experience but they were not similar
Meaning they form individual representations
Limitation- conservation research
Donaldson
Children taking part in piagets experiment may be influenced by seeing the researcher change appearance of liquid.
Donaldson did an experiment where counters were moved by accident
A ‘naughty teddy’ came and knocked them closer together and found that 4-6 year olds could conserve
Class inclusion limitation
Siegler and svetina 100 children from Slovenia did 10 class inclusion tasks As they went on with the tasks they got a better understanding of what class inclusion was (using the dogs and animals questions) Means children under 7 can understand class inclusion
Egocentrism limitation
Hughes
Similar 3 mountains task but instead used 2 walls and 3 dolls (2 police officers and 1 boy)
Children as young as 3 and a half were able to position the boy where the police man could not see him
Selman
Support for perspective taking
Buijzen and valkenburg
Observed interactions in supermarkets when parents refused to buy things for their child
Any coercive behaviour where children forcing to get their parents to buy them things is an example of unhealthy social behaviour
Limitation of of false belief tasks
Bloom and German
False belief tasks require other cognitive abilities and so it might not be testing ToM but rather visual memory
Therefore not that valid
Rizzolatti
Monkey mirror neurons
Ramachandran and oberman
Autistic people have a ‘broken mirror neuron system’
Research support for mirror neurons
Haker
Brain scans of people watching a film of people yawning (related to empathy) .
Levels of activity in Brodmanns area 9 was rich in mirror neurons and they increased as they yawned
