Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Chem 2 > Name these pictures > Flashcards

Name these pictures Flashcards

1
Q

Draw D- glucose and L-glucose

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe what mutarotation is

A

The specific rotation of polarised light to equilibrium point

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Draw a-D-glucopyranosyl-(1,4)-a-D-glucopyranose

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe starch, found, types and linkages

A

Amylose (a-1,4)
Amylopectin (a-1,4 & a-1,6)

Found in plants to provide and store energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe where glycogen is found, what’s it’s stored as and linkages

A

Liver and muscle tissues
a-1,4
Storage form of carbohydrates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe cellulose, where it’s found and linkages

A

Provides structure and fibre
Found in plants, wood
B-1,4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the HMG CoA redux taste inhibitor do to mevalonic acid?
What does it lead to?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is meant by transition state inhibitor?

A

Drug works on enzyme to stop HMGCoA being produced in the first place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If a drug has lots of benzene rings it is hydrophobic?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Predict relative binding affinities of HMG CoA and atorvastatin for the HMG CoA reductase. Affinity is measured in Mm which compound would have the lower value?

A

Drug needs to bond more strongly otherwise it won’t inhibit

Preference over enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Why do mevastatin and lovastatin have such high binding affinity for HMG CoA reductase?

A

When the ester is hydrolysed, they are structurally similar to the intermediate in the reduction of HMG CoA to mevalonic acid

More hydrophobic increased hydrophilicity leads to better selectivity and reduction in side effects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens in acid hydrolysis ?

A

OH onto main chain
+ NHCl into

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What happens in basic hydrolysis?

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Name these structures

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Amines salt formation

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name and draw 7 amino acids

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quarternary

A
Quarternary - many subunits of polypeptide chains. Protein consisting of more than 1 amino acid cha
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Draw carboxylic acid

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Draw a ketone

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Draw an ester

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Draw an aldehyde

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Draw an amide

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Draw an alcohol

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Draw an amide
26
Draw an amine
27
Draw an phenol
28
29
Draw the Haworth structures of B-D-glucose and a-D-glucose
30
Whats the bond between adenine and thymine
31
Whats the bond between guanine and cytosine
32
Name three catabolic processes
ECG Electron transport chain Citric Acid Cycle Glycolysis
33
Name the 4 types of lipoproteins? And their levels
Chylomicrons VDL LDL HDL Tryglycerides < 2.0 m/mol LDL < 2.5 m/mol HDL >1.0 m/mol Total <4.0 m/mol
34
Why do primary and secondary amides have a higher mp & bp than tertiary amides?
1 + 2 amides have more hydrogen bonding which makes a higher mp & bp 3 amides have no hydrogen bonding therefore a lower mp & bp
35
What occurs in carbohydrate digestion?
Mouth - salivary a-amylase hydrolyses a-glycosidic linkages Stomach - gastric juice has no effect Small intestine - pancreatic digestive enzymess breakdown disaccharides THEN active transport into bloodstream
36
What occurs in protein digestion?
Mouth - no effect Stomach - HCL and pepsin break down protein Small intestine - enzymes hydrolyse peptide bonds Active transport delivers amino acids into blood stream
37
What occurs in fat digestion?
Mouth - no effect Stomach - gastric lipases breakdown fat Small intestine - pancreatic lipases breakdown further Chylomicrons form and transport into bloodstream, then triaglycerols hydorlyse into free fatty acids
38
What is the metabolic pathway which glucose is produced from glycogen?
Glucogenolysis
39
Draw a dispersion force
40
Draw a dipole dipole bond
41
Draw a hydrogen bond
42
Draw an ionic bond
43
Draw an ion dipole bond
44
Draw the Michaelis-Menton Enzyme plot
Rate of enzyme reaction over concentration of enzyme
45
Draw a plot for how pH affects enzymes
46
Draw a plot on how temperature affects enzymes
47
What occurs in gluconeogenesis?
the metabolic pathway by which glucose is synthesised from noncarbohydrate maters - pyruvate, lactate, glycerol and amino acids. 90% occurs in liver, therefore it helps regulated normal blood glucose levels in absense of meals.
48
What are 3 ways to increase reaction rate?
increase concentration increase temperature add catalyst
49
What is meant by lock and key induced fit
Lock and Key - the substrate is a key which fits into the active site lock Induced FIt - the active site adjusts its structure before the reaction can take place
50
What is denaturation and its causes
breakdown of peptide bonds and loss of protein function Heat and pH
51
Pure As Gold CUT the Py
purines = adenine + guanine pyramidines = cytosine, uracil + thymine
52
Which purines and pyramidines are DNA or RNA
DNA - C T RNA- GUAC
53
What are COX enzymes
COX 1 - produces prostaglandins - induce stomach mucous production COX 2 - proastaglandins for inflammatory disease Aspriin, ibuprofin, naproxen inhibit COX enzymes
54
What is angiotensin II and ACE
A peptide hormone with AA sequence ACE converts angiotensin I into II making blood vesssels narrow and BP rise
55
What is iron
Required for AA, collagen and neutrotransmitters Ferratin stores and releases from liver Transferrin delivers iron to tissues
56
What is sodium
Extracellular maintains extracellular fluid nerve impulses muscle contraction Hypertension Osteoporosis Deficiency in endurance atheletes
57
WHat is copper
Essential to iron metabolism
58
What happens in zinc deficinecy
stunted growth, enlarged liver 15mg pregnant 20-25
59
What does Mangansese help with
brain and nerve function eyesight formation of RBCs
60
What is potassium
Found intracellularly maintains fluid nerve impulses muscle contraction Hypertension osteoporosis
61
What is calcium
Found in bones and teeth Stored as hydroxyapatite Muscle contraction Nerve impulses Hormone secretion
62
How do we maintain calcium balance
Deficiency - decreased vit D then increased calcium in blood Too much - increased calcitonin thyroid gland decreases calcium in blood

Chem 2 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions