Name and locate the microscopic and macroscopic structures of the kidney

Question 1

What is the name for the position of the kidneys

Answer 1

Retroperitoneal

Question 2

Where are the kidneys located between

Answer 2

T12 and L3 vertebra

Question 3

Which kidney is lower and why

Answer 3

The right is lower than the left because of the liver

Question 4

What are the 3 layers of the kidneys (from outer layer to inner)

Answer 4

1. Renal fascia
2. Adipose capsule
3. Renal capsule

Question 5

What is the renal fascia

Answer 5

Thin layer of connective tissue that anchors the kidney to surrounding structures and abdominal wall

Question 6

What is the adipose capsule

Answer 6

Mass of fatty tissue surrounding renal capsule. protects the kidney from trauma and holds it in place

Question 7

What is the renal capsule

Answer 7

Smooth sheet of connective tissue that is continuous with outer coat of ureter. Barrier against trauma and maintains kidney shape.

Question 8

What is the superficial, light red region of the kidney

Answer 8

The renal cortex

Question 9

What is the renal cortex divided into

Answer 9

An outer cortical zone and an inner juxtamedullary zone

Question 10

What are the portions of the renal cortex that extend between the renal pyramids

Answer 10

The renal columns

Question 11

What is the deep, darker reddish-brown inner region of the kidney

Answer 11

The renal medulla

Question 12

What does the renal medulla consist of

Answer 12

Renal pyramids

Question 13

What is the base of each pyramid called

Answer 13

The renal papilla

Question 14

What is the indentation on the outside of the kidneys

Answer 14

The renal hilum

Question 15

What is the renal cortex and renal pyramids referred as

Answer 15

Parenchyma

Question 16

What are the functional units of the kidney

Answer 16

Nephron

Question 17

Where does filtrate formed by the nephrons drain into

Answer 17

Papillary ducts

Question 18

Where do the papillary ducts drain into

Answer 18

minor and major calyces

Question 19

Where does the urine go after the major calyces

Answer 19

Renal pelvis

Question 20

When does filtrate become urine

Answer 20

When it enters the calyces

Question 21

Where does urine go after the renal pelvis

Answer 21

Ureter to bladder

Question 22

Where does the renal hilum expand into

Answer 22

the renal sinus

Question 23

what does the renal sinus contain

Answer 23

Parts of the renal pelvis, calyces, branches of renal blood vessels and nerves

Question 24

What % of resting cardiac output doe the kidneys receive from the right and left renal arteries

Answer 24

20-25%

Question 25

Where does blood flow from into the renal arteries

Answer 25

Aorta

Question 26

List the divisions of blood supply from the renal arteries to the glomerulus

Answer 26

``` renal arteries segmental arteries interlobar arteries arcutate arteries cortical radiate arteries afferent arterioles glomerulus ```

Question 27

List the blood supply divisions from the glomerulus to the inferior vena cava

Answer 27

``` glomerular capillaries efferent arterioles peritibular capillaries cortical radiate veins arcutate veins interlobar veins renal veins inferior vena cava ```

Question 28

what makes up a renal lobe

Answer 28

renal pyramid, some of the renal column on either side of renal pyramid and renal cortex