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SRNA Must Know CONCEPTS -Anesthesia > NAJEEB Hemodynamics Part II > Flashcards

NAJEEB Hemodynamics Part II Flashcards

1
Q

Formula of Velocity

A

Q (flow) / PI r^2

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2
Q

Total diameter from capillaries to vena caval system progressively (increasse/ decrease)

A

DECREASE

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3
Q

Velocity in inversely proportional to the

A

Cross sectional area through which blood is flowing.

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4
Q

As blood passes through the arterioles what happens to flow?

A

Pressure drops trying to overcome the resistance found in arterioles

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5
Q

Smallest branch of arteries

A

Arterioles

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6
Q

Capillaries role ( main )

A

Exchange vessels

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7
Q

Diameter of aorta vs ALL ARTERIOLES DIAMETER ADDED together, capillaries, etc

A

Diameter of aorta is large, but All ARTERIOLES DIAMETER ADDED TOGETHER IT IS LARGER than aorta. All CAPILLARIES added together, LARGER than arterioles and arteries.

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8
Q

As blood gets to the capillaries what occurs?

A

Gas exchange Pick up O2 from alveoli, Release CO2 to alveoli

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9
Q

Cross sectional area from aorta, arteriole to CAPILLARIES progressively

A

INCREASE

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10
Q

Point of maximum resistance to systemic circulation

A

Arterioles

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11
Q

Veins are called_______vessels

A

Capacitance vessels. Venous side capacitance is high

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12
Q

Cross sectional area from CAPILLARIES to VENA CAVA progressivel

A

DECREASE

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13
Q

Veins vs ARTERIES: PRESSURE

A

Veins low pressure

Arteries High pressure

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14
Q

2 advantages of arterioles

A

THICK-walled

Have A LOT OF SMOOTH MUSCLES

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15
Q

Veins vs ARTERIES: Blood

A

VEINS :Getting UNoxygenated blood from exchange vessels

ARTERIEs; Providing oxygenated blood to exchange vessels

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16
Q

What is the pulse pressure?

A

Difference between systolic and diastolic BP

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17
Q

Velocity of blood flow : what is it

A

Velocity of blood as it moves through systemic circulation

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18
Q

% of CO going to coronary

A

5%

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19
Q

Blood in arteries is under ____PRessure, therefore we call it ______Volume

A

high ; STRESSED volume

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20
Q

Pressure in pulmonary capillaries is

A

8 mmHg

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21
Q

Velocity of is ____in aorta _____In arteries ______ in arterioles ________in capillaries

A

High; lower; even lower, LEAST

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22
Q

Veins vs ARTERIES: Volume

A

Vein high volume

Arteries low volume

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23
Q

Capillaries come together to form

A

venules

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24
Q

Velocity is proportional to

A

Blood flow

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25
Q

Beta 2 adrenergic receptors on which bed

A

Musculoskeletal

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26
Q

Capilaries is about _____

A

30mmHg

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27
Q

Flow to large surface area, what happen to velocity?

A

decrease

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28
Q

More metabolically active tissue (like during exercise)How do arterioles react?

A

They dilate so that more blood can get to the tissues. Increase metabolic vasodilators release

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29
Q

Sympathetic OUTFLOW or OVERFLOW means there is

A

Arteriole constriction in renal, splanchnic and cutaneous

Stimulates beta 2 on musculoskeletal leading to dilation

30
Q

Veins and blood

A

70% of BV is in veins

31
Q

Pressure in LV

A

0 during diastole

120 during systole

32
Q

Capillaries role

A

Exchange vessels

33
Q

Systemic venous side type of blood

A

unoxygenated

34
Q

Arterioles richly innervated by

A

Sympathetic (Alpha-1 adrenergic )

35
Q

How do you calculate MAP?

A

Diastolic + 1/3 systolic BP

36
Q

Pressure in major ELASTIC arteries

A

120
80
MAP 93mmhg

37
Q

Total diameter of venules is more/less than capillaries

A

less

38
Q

IF venous smooth muscle dilate (remember they are large capacitance vessels, MEANING there is VENOUS VASODILATION , what happens to UNSTRESSED VOLUME?

A

Unstressed volume INCREASED , venous return reduced, STRESSEd volume DECREASE

39
Q

Should the pressure in the RA should lower or higher than the pressure in the caval system?

A

The pressure should be lower in the RA, because if the pressure is higher then blood would not be able to drain into the RA.

40
Q

Alpha 1 adrenergic receptors on which bed

A

splanchnic
Renal
Cutaneous

41
Q

Venous smooth muscle also have

A

sympathetic nerve supply meaning that they can constrict and dilate

42
Q

Good thing about major AORTA arteries is that they are

A

Elastic , Systole stretch, diastolic relaxes , and recoils inward

43
Q

Total diameter from large arteries to capillaries progressively (increasse/ decrease)

A

INCREASE

44
Q

PA diastolic pressure is

A

8 mm Hg

45
Q

Blood in veins is under _____Pressure, therefore we call it ______Volume

A

low: unstressed volume

46
Q

Veins vs ARTERIES: lumen and wall describe

A

veins larger lumen, thin walled

Arteries smaller lumen, THICK WALL

47
Q

Pressure gradient from systemic circulation to LA:

A

93 to 0 mmHg

48
Q

Pressure gradient from pulmonary circulation to RA:

A

15 mmHg to 5-8 mmHg

49
Q

RV diastolic pressure is _____ and systolic pressure is about

A

0; 25 mmHg (remember LV systolic is 120mmHg)

50
Q

Pressure in venules is

A

15 mmHg (pressure is lower to allow blood to flow from capillaries to veins)

51
Q

Efferent brings blood

A

Away from the glomerulus

52
Q

From aorta to arteries to arteriole to venous

A

There is a PROGREssive decreASE in individual vessels diameter, but collectively bigger

53
Q

Greatest resistance to systemic flow is

A

ARTERIOLES

54
Q

By the times blood gets to the caval systme what is the presure?

A

4-5 mmHg

55
Q

Pressure in LA

A

5-8 mmHg

56
Q

By the times blood gets to the caval system what is the presure?

A

4-5 mmHg

57
Q

Pressure in pulmonary veins

A

5 mmHg

58
Q

Afferent brings blood_______and the diameter is ______

A

To glomerulus (DIAMETER IS larger)

59
Q

Increase the cross sectional area will do what to blood flow?

A

decrease

60
Q

MAP for 120/80

A

93 mmHG

61
Q

What is velocity?

A

rate of LINEAR Displacement of blood per unit of time in the circulatory system.

62
Q

From major arteries to organs

A

Arteries
Arterioles
Capillaries

63
Q

Why is Glomerular capillaries so high at 50mmHg

A

Because it is located between 2 arterioles, Afferent (towards) EFFERENT (away)

64
Q

Concept: IF venous smooth muscle constrict (remember they are large capacitance vessels, MEANING there is VENOUS VASOCONSTRICTION , what happens to UNSTRESSED VOLUME?

A

Unstressed volume is decreased
Unstressed volume is shifted to the heart, and through heart to ARTERIOLE SIDE, then becomes STRESSED VOLUME . Stress volume INCREASED

65
Q

% of CO going to GI

A

15%

66
Q

Upon blood coming from the caval system, into the RA, pressure in the RA is usually close to

A

0

67
Q

Most Capilaries is about _____except ____

A

30mmHg

68
Q

Veins vs ARTERIES: lumen and wall describe

A

veins larger lumen, thin walled

Arteries narrow lumen, THICK WALL

69
Q

PA systolic pressure is similar to RV pressure of

A

25mmHg

70
Q

Venous system :% of total blood

A

70%

SRNA Must Know CONCEPTS -Anesthesia (3 decks)

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