Nail Terms Flashcards
paronychia
Ix/Inflam skin folds
onycholmycosis (tinea unguium)
fungal infection of nail (margins to free border)
onycholcryptosis
ingrown toenail
IPK - intractable plantar keratoma
single callus on wt bearing surface (plantar), deep center (pare out)
splinter hemorrhages
bleeding under nail bed
onycholysis
split nail from distal border
wart (plantar wart)
papovavarius w/ small black dots in lesion
corn (heloma, clavus)
TOPS/SIDES of toes (trauma), paring/protective deep toe box/shoewear, drying toes
fissures
crack into dermis, humectant/emollient, pumice stone
hyponychium (“the quick”)
border b/t distal nail plate & underlying nail bed
free border
top edge of nail plate where separating nail bed; distal to hypochonychium
nail bed
support bed for nail plate
nail matrix
supports growth of nail plate
plicatured nail
one or both sides curve downward into soft tissue r/t deformatity of underlying nail matrix (pack w/ alcohol strip)
tile-shaped (C-shaped Nails)
nails curves at edges
trumpet or pincer nail
distal nail curls and compresses
fungus infections of skin (tinea pedis)
moisture, warm environment; Esp 4th/5th toes; chronic infection
S/S blisters, fissures, itching/tenderness
Tx antifungal spray (tinactin, lotrimin); keep feet clean & dry, replace shoes or mycomyst spray
Antifungal for 3-4 weeks
psoriasis
plaques/pustular lesions (yellow-gray w/ deep fissures
malignant melanoma
melanocyte malignancy (melanin producing cells)
bromhidrosis
malodourous
hyperhidrosis
excessive sweating
anhidrosis
lack of sweating
pigmented nevus (mole)
flat, raised lesion w/ defined margin, no treatment, monitor for changes
blisters
fluid filled lesions
callus (tyloma)
repeated trauma/friction SIDES of foot (pare down)
cold-related lesions (Chilbain - pernio)
reddish purplish blotches on toes
leukonychia mycotica
superficial fungal Ix of nail plate whitish colour
pes planus (flat foot)
orthotist, excessive pronation
pes cavus (claw foot)
excessively high arch/dorsal contraction of toes, orthotist for supportive insert
Hammertoes
persistent flexion at PROXIMAL interphalangeal, increases callus/corn formation; modify footwear deep toe box; Sx for correction by podiatrist
Mallet toe
flexion contracture at DISTAL interphalangeal joint
Hallux valgus w/ bunion
Great toe deviates from midline r/t excessive pronation; podiatrist Sx correction; footwear
overlapping toes
increased risk corn formation; extra depth shoes/toe sleeves
Morton’s Neuroma (neurofibroma)
scar tissue to plantar intermetarsal nerve r/t excessive pronation: pain - tingling, burning, cramping
Tx Cortisone injection(temporary)
Sx removal scared nerve (PP numbness to area)
plantar fascitis (heel pain)
excessive pronation - stretch/inflammation plantar fascia; pain decreased w/ activity reduces edema; orthotics
onychorrhexis
narrow parallel grooves r/t psoriasis
transverse lines (Beau’s Lines)
systemic disease interrupts nail production
onychoschizia
splitting of nail into layers r/t overhydration/aging/exposure to chemicals
clubbing
excess curvature of nail r/t chronic hypoxia
koilonychia
spoon-shaped nails r/t softening nail plate, chronic anemia, reduced perfusion, aging
pterygium
abnormal adherence or eponychium or hypochium to nail
pterygium
abnormal adherence or eponychium or hypochium to nail
callus of hyponychium
callus obscures free nail border r/t poor fitting footwear w/ friction
callus of hyponychium
callus obscures free nail border r/t poor fitting footwear w/ friction
pterygium
abnormal adherence or eponychium or hypochium to nail
callus of hyponychium
callus obscures free nail border r/t poor fitting footwear w/ friction
