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Foot and Nail Care > Nail Terms > Flashcards

Nail Terms Flashcards

1
Q

paronychia

A

Ix/Inflam skin folds

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2
Q

onycholmycosis (tinea unguium)

A

fungal infection of nail (margins to free border)

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3
Q

onycholcryptosis

A

ingrown toenail

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4
Q

IPK - intractable plantar keratoma

A

single callus on wt bearing surface (plantar), deep center (pare out)

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5
Q

splinter hemorrhages

A

bleeding under nail bed

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6
Q

onycholysis

A

split nail from distal border

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7
Q

wart (plantar wart)

A

papovavarius w/ small black dots in lesion

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8
Q

corn (heloma, clavus)

A

TOPS/SIDES of toes (trauma), paring/protective deep toe box/shoewear, drying toes

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9
Q

fissures

A

crack into dermis, humectant/emollient, pumice stone

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10
Q

hyponychium (“the quick”)

A

border b/t distal nail plate & underlying nail bed

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11
Q

free border

A

top edge of nail plate where separating nail bed; distal to hypochonychium

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12
Q

nail bed

A

support bed for nail plate

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13
Q

nail matrix

A

supports growth of nail plate

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14
Q

plicatured nail

A

one or both sides curve downward into soft tissue r/t deformatity of underlying nail matrix (pack w/ alcohol strip)

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15
Q

tile-shaped (C-shaped Nails)

A

nails curves at edges

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16
Q

trumpet or pincer nail

A

distal nail curls and compresses

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17
Q

fungus infections of skin (tinea pedis)

A

moisture, warm environment; Esp 4th/5th toes; chronic infection
S/S blisters, fissures, itching/tenderness
Tx antifungal spray (tinactin, lotrimin); keep feet clean & dry, replace shoes or mycomyst spray
Antifungal for 3-4 weeks

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18
Q

psoriasis

A

plaques/pustular lesions (yellow-gray w/ deep fissures

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19
Q

malignant melanoma

A

melanocyte malignancy (melanin producing cells)

20
Q

bromhidrosis

A

malodourous

21
Q

hyperhidrosis

A

excessive sweating

22
Q

anhidrosis

A

lack of sweating

23
Q

pigmented nevus (mole)

A

flat, raised lesion w/ defined margin, no treatment, monitor for changes

24
Q

blisters

A

fluid filled lesions

25
Q

callus (tyloma)

A

repeated trauma/friction SIDES of foot (pare down)

26
Q

cold-related lesions (Chilbain - pernio)

A

reddish purplish blotches on toes

27
Q

leukonychia mycotica

A

superficial fungal Ix of nail plate whitish colour

28
Q

pes planus (flat foot)

A

orthotist, excessive pronation

29
Q

pes cavus (claw foot)

A

excessively high arch/dorsal contraction of toes, orthotist for supportive insert

30
Q

Hammertoes

A

persistent flexion at PROXIMAL interphalangeal, increases callus/corn formation; modify footwear deep toe box; Sx for correction by podiatrist

31
Q

Mallet toe

A

flexion contracture at DISTAL interphalangeal joint

32
Q

Hallux valgus w/ bunion

A

Great toe deviates from midline r/t excessive pronation; podiatrist Sx correction; footwear

33
Q

overlapping toes

A

increased risk corn formation; extra depth shoes/toe sleeves

34
Q

Morton’s Neuroma (neurofibroma)

A

scar tissue to plantar intermetarsal nerve r/t excessive pronation: pain - tingling, burning, cramping
Tx Cortisone injection(temporary)
Sx removal scared nerve (PP numbness to area)

35
Q

plantar fascitis (heel pain)

A

excessive pronation - stretch/inflammation plantar fascia; pain decreased w/ activity reduces edema; orthotics

36
Q

onychorrhexis

A

narrow parallel grooves r/t psoriasis

37
Q

transverse lines (Beau’s Lines)

A

systemic disease interrupts nail production

38
Q

onychoschizia

A

splitting of nail into layers r/t overhydration/aging/exposure to chemicals

39
Q

clubbing

A

excess curvature of nail r/t chronic hypoxia

40
Q

koilonychia

A

spoon-shaped nails r/t softening nail plate, chronic anemia, reduced perfusion, aging

41
Q

pterygium

A

abnormal adherence or eponychium or hypochium to nail

41
Q

pterygium

A

abnormal adherence or eponychium or hypochium to nail

42
Q

callus of hyponychium

A

callus obscures free nail border r/t poor fitting footwear w/ friction

42
Q

callus of hyponychium

A

callus obscures free nail border r/t poor fitting footwear w/ friction

43
Q

pterygium

A

abnormal adherence or eponychium or hypochium to nail

44
Q

callus of hyponychium

A

callus obscures free nail border r/t poor fitting footwear w/ friction

Foot and Nail Care (3 decks)

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