Nail matrix Flashcards
Mantle
Pocket like structure, holds the root and matrix
Nail matrix
Active tissue that generates the cells, which harden as they move outward forming the nail plate
Nail root
Attached to matrix at the base of nail under the skin inside the mantle.
Nail bed
Area of the nail which the nail body tests, nerves and blood supply found here, specialized ligaments attach the nail bed to the bone.
Nail plate
Nail body, visible nail are from nail root to free edge, made of layers no nerves or blood vessels
Lunula
Half moon shape at the base of the nail, visit part of matrix.
Eponychium
Live tissue at the base of the nail
Cuticle
Overlapping dead tissue, loose and pliable around the nail
Nail grooves
Tracks on either side of the nail that the nail moves on as it grows
Sidewalls
Folds of skin on either side of the nail groove
Perionychium
Living tissue that overlies the nail plate on the sides of the nail
Free edge
Part of the nail that extends beyond the finger or toe, protects the tips of the fingers and toes
Hyponychium
Living tissue underneath the free edge of the nail.
Onychosis
It’s an disease, disorder or condition of the nail
Etiology
It’s a cause of the disease, systemic,environmental,disease-related
6 signs of infection
Pain,swelling,redness,local fever, throbbing, pus.
Onychomycosis
Fungus, disease-related can result from a nail injury invaded by fungus.
Tinea manus
Appears as rings containing tiny blisters, dark pink to reddish in color, can have dry flakes
Tinea Pedis
Fungus disease-related, itching and peeling on feet.
Paronychia
Red,swollen, sore, warm to touch, can lose the nail.
Onychoptosis
Causing problem is cured the nail will grow.
Onychia
Bacterial infection, disease related, inflammation of the nail matrix red, swollen nail may stop growing.
Onychatrophia
Nail shrinks in size and may separate from nail bed. the nail may improve in 3 to 6 months.
Onycholysis
Loosening of the nail plate starting at the free edge and processing to the lunula. nail doesn’t come off,stays attached at root area
Blue nails
Blue color in skin under nails can be corrected if cause is eliminated common in older people
Eggshell nails
Very thin, soft almost see thro, transparent
Corrugations
Horizontal wavy rinses across nail.It may grow out and disappear.
Kolionychia
Nail with a concave shape.systemic or long term illness, nerve disturbance.
Furrows
Injury to matrix that causes cells to reproduce unevenly can be nutrition, injury or illness related.
Onychogryposis
Increased thickness and curving of the nail that may accur with age or injury to nail.
Onychocryptosis
Ingrown nails.If the nail grows into edge of the nail groove cutting the skin or becomes deeply infected.
Melanonychia
Increased pigmentation results in darker bands that run the length of the nail.
Onychauxis
Thickening of nail plate or an abnormal outgrowth of nail.
Agnails or Hangnails
Skin breaks at corners of nails can be Troy with cuticle nippers and may heal in 2-3 days can be reoccurring.
Bruised nails or splinter Hemorrhages
Discoloration under nail,normal nail growth will continue bruised area will grow out with nail.
Leukonychia
A small separation from the nail bed, grows out the nail.
Pterygium
Excess living skin that can remain attached to the nail plate and disrupt normal nail growth.
Beau’s Lines
Nail returns to normal after trauma.
Onychophagy
If biting stops nail will regrow may be sensitive to touch, nail plate appears flat and may be deformed until an entire nail has regrown from the matrix
Onychorrhexis
Easily recognizable file with emery board carefully may be a permanent condition.
