nail fungus Flashcards
mantle
The fold of skin in front of the cuticle. It protects the Matrix
nail matrix
The are where your nails and toe nails start to grow. It creates new skin cells which pushes out the old dead skin cells making your nails grow
nail root
Where the lunula lies
nail bed
The skin that lies beneath the nail plate. It has living tissue with capillaries and glands.
nail plate
Consists of several layers of dead compacted cells and keratin protein. The “hard” part of the nail.
Lunula
The small white crescent part of the nail
eponychium
Thick layer of skin at the base of the nail. Consists of live skin cells
cuticle
“clear” like skin along the bottom edge of finger or toe. Consists of dead skin cells. Protects nail from bacteria.
nail grooves
“The indentation between the edges of the nail plate and the skin.”
side walls
the skin on both sides of nail plate. It acts as a barrier against bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
perionychium
The tissue around the nail, root, andsides of nail
free edge
The art of the nail that protrudes from the nail bed. It is dead and painless and protects the fingertip and the hyponychium.
hyponychium
the thickened portion, underlying the free edge of the nail plate on the nail.
onychosis
disease or deformity in the nail. Can be caused by trauma or dirty manicure tools.
6 signs of infection
pain, swelling, redness, local fever, and pus
Onychomycosis
a fungal infection of the nails that causes discoloration, thickening, and separation from the nail bed
Tinea Manus
a fungul infection in the hands, “ring worm” , scaly rash that usually has a border that is slightly raised
Tinea Pedis
a fungal infection that lies between the toes. common for people with very sweaty feet while confined within tightfitting shoes. also known as “athletes foot” and causes itching, stinging, and burning
Paronychia
an inflammation of the skin around the nail caused by bacteria, hangnail, cuticle damage, or continually wet hands
Onychoptosis
is a condition where part or all of the nail sheds occasionally and falls off the finger; it can affect one or more nails and is caused by fever, trauma, or drug reaction
Onychia
an inflammation of the nail folds (surrounding tissue of the nail plate) of the nail with formation of pus and shedding of the nail. Onychia results from microscopic pathogens through small wounds.
Onychatrophia
the wasting away of the nail plate which causes it to lose its luster, become smaller and sometimes shed entirely.
Onycholysis
when your nail separates from the skin underneath it. can last for up to several months
Blue Nails
.. is caused by a lack of oxygen circulating in your red blood cells. This condition is known as cyanosis.
Eggshell Nails
causes nails to be soft and thin. brittle like an egg shell.
Corrugations
a ridge or groove of a surface that has been corrugated.
Kolionychia
abnormally thin nails which have lost their convexity, becoming flat or even concave in shape.
Furrows
Transverse lines or grooves across the fingernails
Onychogryposis
” nail disorder resulting from slow nail plate growth. It is an opaque, yellow-brown thickening of the nail plate with elongation and increased curvature
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Onychocryptosis
ingrown toenail
Melanonychia
when you have either black or brown in your fingernails or toesnails
Onychauxis
a nail disorder that causes fingernails/ toenails to grow really thick. Over time, the nails may become curled and turn white or yellow.
Agnails or Hangnails
hangnail is a loose, narrow strip of nail tissue protruding from the side edge and anchored near the base of a fingernail or toenail. Agnail is a corn or sore on the toe/finger.
Bruised Nails or Splinter Hemorrhages
thin, red to reddish-brown lines of blood under the nails. They run in the direction of nail growth and look like splinters under the nail
Leukonychia
white discoloration appearing on nails caused by injury or trauma at the the nail base
Pterygium
disorder characterized by an overgrowth of the nail fold onto the nail bed. Forms when there is scar tissue in the nail matrix
Beau’s Lines
deep grooved lines that run from side to side on the fingernail or the toenail.
Onychophagy
“nail biting”, a compulsive habit of biting at the fingernails
Onychorrhexis
is a brittleness with breakage of finger or toenails that result from hypothyroidism, anemia, anorexia nervosa or bulimia, or after oral retinoid therapy.
