Nail Chemicals Flashcards
How is matter different than energy?
Matter takes up space or occupies an area
What are some examples of energy
Light, radio waves, and microwaves
What is a molecule
A molecule is a chemical in its simplest form
What is an element
Elements are molecules that cannot be broken down
What are the forms of matter
Solids, liquids or gasses
What is the difference between vapours and gasses?
Vapours are formed when liquids evaporate into the air at a room temperature. Gases only become liquids when they are put under high pressure.
What is a chemical reaction?
A chemical reaction is when a molecule chemically changes. A chemical reaction requires energy from heat or light to occur.
What is a catalyst
A catalyst is a chemical that can make a chemical reaction go faster.
What are some examples of a catalyst
UV gels and monomer liquids.
What is a solvent?
A solvent is anything that dissolves another substance. Solvents are usually liquid
What is a solvent?
A solvent is anything that dissolves another substance. Solvents are usually liquid.
How is it called the substance being dissolved?
The substance being dissolved is called a solute.
What is the universal solvent?
Water
What happens when using too much acetone on the nails?
It can make the nail plate look dry and brittle
What are the three main functions of prep products?
Cleanse, dehydrate and balance the nail
What is the function of a nail dehydrator?
Temporarily removes surface moisture and oils from the nail plate
What is the function of ph bonders
Makes the surface of the nail more alkaline. This promotes adhesion since the alkaline surface will attract the acid in nail products
What is the function of primers
Improve adhesion, act as double sided tape and are usually required for artificial enhancements
What is a corrosive substance
A corrosive is a substance that can cause visible and possibly permanent skin damage
What is a base coat
A base coat promotes adhesion between the natural nail and nail product. These products change the surface of the nail to promote chemical bonds between nail keratin and gel enhancements
What are coatings?
Coatings are products that cover the nail with a hard film
What are some examples of coatings?
Nail polish, top/base coats, artificial enhancements, and adhesives
What is the main function of top coats
To seal the coats and give a long lasting power
What is a monomer?
The individual molecules that join to make the polymer
What is the main ingredient in regular nail polish (nail lacquer)
Nitrocellulose
What is the function of resins in nail lacquer bottles
Resins make the film adhere to the nail bed
What are the functions of plasticizers in nail lacquer bottles?
They’re chemicals that help keep the polish flexible and reduce the chance that it will crack or chip
What is the function of pigments in nail lacquer bottles
Pigments are chemicals that add colour to the nail polish
What are the two main chemicals used to create gel polish?
Benzoyl peroxide and methacrylate
What is dermatitis?
Abnormal skin inflammation
What is irritant contact dermatitis
When the skin is irritated by a substance
What is allergic contact dermatitis
When someone becomes allergic to an ingredient in a product
How do you avoid any type of dermatitis
- never smooth the nail enhancement with more liquid monomer
- never use monomer to clean up the nail sidewalls, edges or under the nail
- never touch the hairs of the brush with your fingers
- never touch any monomer liquids, UV gels or adhesives to the skin
-never mix different products to create your own - always follow the manufacturers instructions
What is toluene?
A clear colourless liquid found in nail polish and paints gives the smooth finish and makes it dry quickly
Do nails breathe?
A- No. Hundred layers of flattened, dead keratin cells do not breathe. Dead is Dead.
What are the possible causes of bubbles while the nail polish is drying?
Dirt nails, moisture, thick layers, temperature, old nail polish, and mixing brands
