Naature Vs Nurture

Question 1

What does nature vs nurture centre around

Answer 1

• Role of heredity and environment in influencing

Question 2

What is nature

Answer 2

• genes pre programmed all our behaviours

Question 3

What are people called who have a extreme heritadity position

Answer 3

Nativist

Question 4

What idea to nativists have

Answer 4

That behaviour is biologically determined and the result of genetic inheritance in which traits are passed down from one generation to the next

Question 5

What are evolutionary explanation

Answer 5

• emphases importance of nature
• Based on the principle that a behaviour or characteristic that promotes survival and reproduction will be naturally selected
• means genes ill be passed on from gen to gen

Question 6

Example of evolutionary explanations

Answer 6

Bowlby’s
-attachment was adaptive because it meant that the infant was more likely to be protected and therefor survive, promotes successful reproduction as it encourages close relationships

Question 7

Nurture

Answer 7

Behaviour is a product of environmental influences
- environmentalists assume that at birth a hunt mind is a blank slate which is gradually filed as a result of experiences
- behaviour is a result of interactions with the environment and learning

Question 8

Support of nature side of debate

Answer 8

• MZ share 100% of their genes
• DZ share 50% of their genes
• both twins should display the behaviour
• if not the behaviour can be assumed to be due to the influence of the environment

For exsample
Gottensman and shields - determine whether schizophrenia had a gentic link
- comprehensive review of two and adoption studies between 1967 - 1976
- compared CR for MZ and DZ twins
- CR of schizophrenia in MZ = 58%
- CR od schizophrenia in DZ = 12%
- supports behaviour such as schizophrenia can be biologically determined through genes

Question 9

Exsample of nurture

Answer 9

Behaviourist theories
- that attachment could be learned from the environment through the principle of classical and operant conditions

Question 10

Whta is the interactionist approach

Answer 10

Both nature and nurture have an influence on human behaviour

Question 11

Who proposes 3 ways in which nature and nurture can interact with each other

Answer 11

Plomin et al

Question 12

What are the 3 way in which nature and nurture interact with each other

Answer 12

Active gene - environment interaction
Passive gene - environment interaction
Reactive gene - environment interactions

Question 13

What is active gene

Answer 13

The genetic makes of the child seeks to develop in an environment that is similar to their predisposed characteristics

Question 14

What is the passive gene

Answer 14

The environment is linked to the parent genetic makeup and passively transmitted to their children via their home environment

Question 15

What is the reactive gene

Answer 15

The home environment is a reaction to the genetic predisposition of the child

Question 16

Evaluation of interactionist approach

Answer 16

Strengths
- effect of nature vs nurture was supported by plomin et al
- found that parents with a genetically determined mental illness creates and unsettled home environment = contributes to child developing mental illness themselves
- shows that mental illness maybe the result of biological influences having and impact of the environment

• evidence for nurture influencing nature
• maguire et al found hippocampus of London taxi drivers was bigger than in the control group = hippocampus associated with spatial memory
• shoes that taxi drivers where not born with bigger hippocampus but it had responded to increse use
• suggesting nurture can have an impact on nature