N2 文法 Flashcards

1
Q

〜際(に)

A

When / In case of / At that time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

〜に際して・にあたって

A

On the occasion of / At the time of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

〜たとたん(に)

A

Just as … an immediate unexpected occurrence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

〜(か)と思うと・〜(か)と思ったら

A

Straight away a big change / Next incident occurs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

〜か〜ないかのうちに

A

At the same time… finishes, the next thing occurs simultaneously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

〜最中だ

A

in the middle of, in the midst of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

〜うちに

A

whilst a certain situation holds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

〜うちに

A

whilst doing… a change comes about

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

〜ばかりだ・〜一方だ

A

A change continues to advance (normally negative)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

〜(よ)うとしている

A

Just about to… (happen / do)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

〜つつある

A

An ongoing change continues (normally positive / neutral)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

〜つつ

A

Whilst doing…, … is also done (ながら)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

〜てはじめて 

A

Not until after / I didn’t realise until after / It wasn’t until…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

〜上(で) 

A

After having done…, next action takes place

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

〜次第

A

After materialisation / Implementation, immediate action is done

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

〜て以来・〜てこのかた

A

Since then, ever since then

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

〜てからでないと・てからでなければ

A

Not until… is done / happens, will…

materialise / be possible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

〜をはじめ(として) 

A

Starting with / Not to mention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

〜からして

A

Judging from / Based on / So, therefore…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

〜にわたって

A

Throughout / Over a period of / Over a span of

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

〜を通して・〜を通じて

A

All throughout (a time period)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

〜を通して・〜を通じて

A

Through / Via…

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

〜限り

A

As much as possible, to the best of one’s ability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

〜だけ

A

As much as possible / As much as you (can / like)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
〜に限り
Limited to…
26
〜限り(は)
Whilst a situation holds true, another situation will continue the same
27
〜限りでは
Based on X, Y can be said
28
〜に限って
Out of the ordinary
29
〜に限って
Particularly when…, something unfortunate happens
30
〜に限って
Particularly believing in…, so therefore… (can be said)
31
〜に限らず
Not only…, but also… (wider scale thing)
32
〜のみならず
Not only…, but there are others (on the same level)
33
〜ばかりか
Not only…, but even more so… / In addition to this
34
〜はもとより
Of course… is the case, but also…
35
〜上(に)
Not only…, in addition (moreover) another good / bad thing occurs
36
〜に関して
Regarding… / In relation to…
37
〜をめぐって
In relation to an argument / controversial issue / rumour
38
〜にかけては
Regarding…, (someone) is better than anyone else
39
〜に対して
To do something to another person / hold feelings regarding something
40
〜に対して
Regarding…, … is clearly different, so… can be said
41
〜にこたえて
In order to have a demand or expectation fulfilled, … is done
42
〜をもとに(して)
From…, … is produced / invented (Based on made from)
43
〜に基づいて
Based on, on the basis of
44
〜に沿って
Along / Parallel to / In accordance with (In order not to be disconnected / out of place, something is carried out)
45
〜のもとで・〜のもとに
Under the supervision / influence of…, a certain thing is done
46
〜向けだ
Intended for… / Orientated towards… / Aimed at…
47
〜につれて・〜にしたがって
As X changes, Y also changes (In accordance with)
48
〜に伴って・〜とともに
To be accompanied by / Together with
49
〜次第
Dependent upon…
50
〜に応じて
In accordance to… / In response to… / Dependent on…
51
〜につけて
When… is done, a certain feeling follows
52
〜やら〜やら
Such things as Y and X, and the like (more casual than 〜や〜など)
53
〜というか〜というか
Whilst X can be said, so too can Y
54
〜にしても〜にしても・〜にしろ〜にしろ・〜にせよ〜にせよ
Whether it’s X or Y, the same thing can be said
55
〜といった
Such a thing as… / Some such…
56
〜を問わず
Regardless of…
57
〜にかかわりなく・〜にかかわらず
Regardless of…, it results in the same way
58
〜も構わず
Regardless of…, an action is done without regard
59
はともかく(として) 
For now disregard clause A, as clause B is more of a stressed point
60
〜はさておき
For now detach (yourself) away from clause A, as clause B is more important / necessary
61
〜わけがない
There is no way that… / It is impossible / … cannot be considered
62
〜どころではない・〜どころか
Far from / Anything but / Not at all
63
〜ものか・もんか・ものですか
Absolutely not!
64
〜わけではない・というわけではない
It is not necessarily the case that…
65
〜というものではない・〜というものでもない
Such a thing cannot be said / Is not the same
66
〜とは
Used to explain / define a vocabulary
67
〜といえば
Speaking of…, leads onto another related topic
68
〜といえば
On the one hand… can be said, but really (I) think that…
69
〜 というと・〜といえば・といったら
When one says X, immediately Y comes to mind (that is said)
70
〜(のこと)となると
When a certain topic comes up, (someone’s) attitude changes from normal
71
〜といったら
Something that is unusual to the extent it is emphasised
72
〜にもかかわらず
In spite of, nevertheless
73
〜ものの・とはいうものの
Although…, what one would imagine doesn't happen
74
〜ながら(も) 
In spite of…, the latter differs from expectations
75
〜つつ(も) 
Even though / despite…, the latter actions differ from the norm
76
〜といっても
Although (I say / one might say)…, in actual fact… is the case
77
〜からといって
While it might be true that…, it is not the case that…, just because…
78
〜としたら・〜とすれば・〜とすると・〜となったら・〜となれば・〜となると
If… is the case, something will be done / become
79
〜ものなら
If… were possible, then (I) want (to do) … / must do …
80
〜(よ)うものなら 
If… (is done / happens), then a 大変 situation will become of it
81
〜ないことには
If X (is not done / does not happen / does not exist), then Y will not materialise
82
〜を抜きにしては
If X is left out, then Y will not materialise
83
〜としても・〜にしても・にしろ・にせよ
Even if / though…, (the speaker’s actions / feelings are not impacted)
84
〜によって
Due to… / Because of… (can be positive, negative, or neutral)
85
〜ものだから・〜もので・〜もの
Because (excuse element)
86
〜おかげだ
Thanks to… a good thing results (gratitude / thanks)
87
〜せいか・せいだ
Perhaps because of… a bad thing results (blame element)
88
〜あまり・あまりの〜に
Because… was very…, an unusual (unfortunate) outcome | occurs
89
〜につき
Due to such a reason, a outcome exists (public announcement / notice)
90
〜ことだし
Other reasons exist too, but anyhow because of…, something is done
91
〜のことだから
Because of…, one can make an estimation (based on that norm)
92
〜だけに
As might be expected (from…), due to such and such being the case
93
〜ばかりに
(Simply) because…, on account of…
94
〜からには・〜以上(は)・〜上は
Because of…, doing… is natural
95
〜がたい
… is difficult, hard to do (〜にくい)
96
〜わけにはいかない・〜わけにもいかない
Impossible / cannot do (due to norms in society)
97
〜かねる
Not able to do… (from the standpoint of the speaker)
98
〜ようがない
Even if (I) wanted to…, (I) don’t know how to / there is no likelihood or possibility
99
〜どころではない
There is no possibility of such a situation
100
〜得る / 〜得ない
There is / isn’t a possibility. Able to do / not to do
101
〜わりに(は) 
Considering…, the amount / extent is different to the norm
102
〜にしては
Considering such a fact / standard, the latter (result) is unexpected
103
〜だけ(のこと)ある
Expectations met with terms
104
〜として
As… (i.e in the role of) / For… (i.e from the viewpoint of)
105
〜にとって
From the perspective of…, such a thing can be said
106
〜にしたら・〜にすれば・〜にしてみれば・〜にしても
From (somebody else’s) standpoint, such a thing can be said
107
〜たところ
After… a certain result / situation is understood
108
〜きり
Ever since…, the same situation has continued
109
〜あげく
After various…, results in an unfortunate conclusion / In the end (after a long process)
110
〜末(に)
Finally / after / following…, final outcome happens
111
〜ところだった
Just as a situation was on the brink of happening, in fact it doesn't happen
112
〜ずじまいだ
(I) intended to do…, yet in the end unable to (negative ending)
113
〜ぐらい・〜くらい
Amount is light / … is the minimum amount
114
〜など・〜なんか・〜なんて
Such things are of low value / not important
115
〜まで・〜までして・〜てまで
… is to such an extreme amount, (that one is prepared to do… / that the present situation is such)
116
〜として〜ない
… wholly not deny / e.g not even a single (person…)
117
〜さえ
Even
118
〜さえ〜ば
If only… / As long as…
119
〜てでも
Even if / No matter what / By any means (out of the ordinary)
120
〜とみえる
Seems like…
121
〜かねない
Possibility of unfortunate consequence (negative) (かもしれない )
122
〜おそれがある
Possibility of something bad happening (A fear / To dread…)
123
〜まい(1)
〜ないだろう
124
〜に違いない・〜に相違ない
Must be…
125
〜にきまっている
(I) absolutely think that…
126
〜ものだ
Generally speaking, … is natural / the truth
127
〜というものだ
Looking at it with common sense, certainly…
128
〜にすぎない
Just / Only / No more than
129
〜にほかならない
Nothing but, none other than
130
〜に越したことはない
There’s nothing better than…, it is better to…
131
〜しかない・〜よりほかない
Have no choice, there is nothing but
132
〜べきだ / 〜べきではない
Should do / Should not do
133
〜(よ)うではないか
Shall we…? / Shan’t we…?
134
〜ことだ
Important to do / important not to do… Ought to / ought not to…
135
〜ものだ / 〜ものではない
Should / shouldn't do… Must / mustn’t do…
136
〜ことはない
Do not have to do…
137
〜ものか
Absolutely intend not to do…
138
〜てしかたがない・てしょうがない
… is inevitable / … cannot be helped | To hold a strong feeling towards
139
〜てたまらない
Cannot endure…
140
〜てならない
To have a strong feeling that…
141
〜ないではいられない・ずにはいられない
No matter how hard (I) tried, (I) couldn't suppress…
142
〜ないわけに(は)いかない
Cannot not do (i.e Have to do) (しなければならない)
143
〜ざるを得ない
Suppressed into having to do something (that is out of one’s control, and don’t wish to do)
144
〜たいものだ・〜てほしいものだ
Want… / Strongly think that
145
〜ものだ
Used to...
146
〜ものだ
To have strong feelings about… / To have a strong interest / be amazed
147
〜ないもの(だろう)か
Implementation is difficult, but somehow (I) want… to become / materialise
148
〜ものがある
… has a certain feeling / sense / impression
149
〜ことだ
Is a truly (surprising, moving, sarcastic etc…) thing
150
〜ことだろう・〜ことか
To do / have… extremely largely. To feel… extremely so.
151
〜において
as for, regarding, in
152
〜に先立って
before / prior to
153
〜とはいいながら
while it might be the case that..., it is different to expectations
154
〜からすると・〜からいうと
in terms of / from the point of view of
155
〜こと
must / must no do
156
〜ことなく
without doing something even once
157
〜ことに
to my... (e.g own astonishment)
158
〜ことは〜が
although / but
159
〜ということだ・〜とのことだ
I've heard that / rumour has it that / it appears as if / it means that
160
〜わけだ・というわけだ
the fact is / for that reason
161
〜ところから・ことから
because / from the fact that
162
〜だの〜だの
and / and the like / and so forth (うんざりというニュアンスで例を挙げる)
163
〜のみ
only, nothing but
164
〜てはならない
must not / cannot / should not
165
〜ではあるまいか
〜ではないだろうか
166
〜まい(2)
〜するつもりはない・〜しないでおこう
167
〜(よ)うか〜まいか
〜しようか〜しないでおこうか
168
〜ようでは
if..., then (bad result)
169
〜ねばらない
have to do / must / should
170
〜かのように
as if; just like
171
〜だけましだ
it’s better than; one should feel grateful for
172
〜っこない
no chance of; … is definitely not possible