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N2 文法 > N2 文法 > Flashcards

N2 文法 Flashcards

1
Q

〜際（に）

A

When / In case of / At that time

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2
Q

〜に際して・にあたって

A

On the occasion of / At the time of

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3
Q

〜たとたん（に）

A

Just as … an immediate unexpected occurrence

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4
Q

〜（か）と思うと・〜（か）と思ったら

A

Straight away a big change / Next incident occurs

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5
Q

〜か〜ないかのうちに

A

At the same time… finishes, the next thing occurs simultaneously

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6
Q

〜最中だ

A

in the middle of, in the midst of

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7
Q

〜うちに

A

whilst a certain situation holds

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8
Q

〜うちに

A

whilst doing… a change comes about

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9
Q

〜ばかりだ・〜一方だ

A

A change continues to advance (normally negative)

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10
Q

〜（よ）うとしている

A

Just about to… (happen / do)

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11
Q

〜つつある

A

An ongoing change continues (normally positive / neutral)

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12
Q

〜つつ

A

Whilst doing…, … is also done (ながら)

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13
Q

〜てはじめて　

A

Not until after / I didn’t realise until after / It wasn’t until…

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14
Q

〜上（で）　

A

After having done…, next action takes place

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15
Q

〜次第

A

After materialisation / Implementation, immediate action is done

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16
Q

〜て以来・〜てこのかた

A

Since then, ever since then

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17
Q

〜てからでないと・てからでなければ

A

Not until… is done / happens, will…

materialise / be possible

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18
Q

〜をはじめ（として）　

A

Starting with / Not to mention

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19
Q

〜からして

A

Judging from / Based on / So, therefore…

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20
Q

〜にわたって

A

Throughout / Over a period of / Over a span of

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21
Q

〜を通して・〜を通じて

A

All throughout (a time period)

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22
Q

〜を通して・〜を通じて

A

Through / Via…

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23
Q

〜限り

A

As much as possible, to the best of one’s ability

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24
Q

〜だけ

A

As much as possible / As much as you (can / like)

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25
Q

〜に限り

A

Limited to…

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26
Q

〜限り（は）

A

Whilst a situation holds true, another situation will continue the same

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27
Q

〜限りでは

A

Based on X, Y can be said

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28
Q

〜に限って

A

Out of the ordinary

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29
Q

〜に限って

A

Particularly when…, something unfortunate happens

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30
Q

〜に限って

A

Particularly believing in…, so therefore… (can be said)

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31
Q

〜に限らず

A

Not only…, but also… (wider scale thing)

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32
Q

〜のみならず

A

Not only…, but there are others (on the same level)

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33
Q

〜ばかりか

A

Not only…, but even more so… / In addition to this

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34
Q

〜はもとより

A

Of course… is the case, but also…

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35
Q

〜上（に）

A

Not only…, in addition (moreover) another good / bad thing occurs

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36
Q

〜に関して

A

Regarding… / In relation to…

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37
Q

〜をめぐって

A

In relation to an argument / controversial issue / rumour

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38
Q

〜にかけては

A

Regarding…, (someone) is better than anyone else

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39
Q

〜に対して

A

To do something to another person / hold feelings regarding something

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40
Q

〜に対して

A

Regarding…, … is clearly different, so… can be said

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41
Q

〜にこたえて

A

In order to have a demand or expectation fulfilled, … is done

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42
Q

〜をもとに（して）

A

From…, … is produced / invented (Based on made from)

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43
Q

〜に基づいて

A

Based on, on the basis of

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44
Q

〜に沿って

A

Along / Parallel to / In accordance with (In order not to be disconnected
/ out of place, something is carried out)

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45
Q

〜のもとで・〜のもとに

A

Under the supervision / influence of…, a certain thing is done

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46
Q

〜向けだ

A

Intended for… / Orientated towards… / Aimed at…

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47
Q

〜につれて・〜にしたがって

A

As X changes, Y also changes (In accordance with)

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48
Q

〜に伴って・〜とともに

A

To be accompanied by / Together with

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49
Q

〜次第

A

Dependent upon…

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50
Q

〜に応じて

A

In accordance to… / In response to… / Dependent on…

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51
Q

〜につけて

A

When… is done, a certain feeling follows

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52
Q

〜やら〜やら

A

Such things as Y and X, and the like (more casual than 〜や〜など)

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53
Q

〜というか〜というか

A

Whilst X can be said, so too can Y

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54
Q

〜にしても〜にしても・〜にしろ〜にしろ・〜にせよ〜にせよ

A

Whether it’s X or Y, the same thing can be said

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55
Q

〜といった

A

Such a thing as… / Some such…

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56
Q

〜を問わず

A

Regardless of…

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57
Q

〜にかかわりなく・〜にかかわらず

A

Regardless of…, it results in the same way

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58
Q

〜も構わず

A

Regardless of…, an action is done without regard

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59
Q

はともかく（として）　

A

For now disregard clause A, as clause B is more of a stressed point

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60
Q

〜はさておき

A

For now detach (yourself) away from clause A, as clause B is more important / necessary

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61
Q

〜わけがない

A

There is no way that… / It is impossible / … cannot be considered

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62
Q

〜どころではない・〜どころか

A

Far from / Anything but / Not at all

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63
Q

〜ものか・もんか・ものですか

A

Absolutely not!

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64
Q

〜わけではない・というわけではない

A

It is not necessarily the case that…

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65
Q

〜というものではない・〜というものでもない

A

Such a thing cannot be said / Is not the same

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66
Q

〜とは

A

Used to explain / define a vocabulary

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67
Q

〜といえば

A

Speaking of…, leads onto another related topic

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68
Q

〜といえば

A

On the one hand… can be said, but really (I) think that…

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69
Q

〜 というと・〜といえば・といったら

A

When one says X, immediately Y comes to mind (that is said)

70
Q

〜（のこと）となると

A

When a certain topic comes up, (someone’s) attitude changes from normal

71
Q

〜といったら

A

Something that is unusual to the extent it is emphasised

72
Q

〜にもかかわらず

A

In spite of, nevertheless

73
Q

〜ものの・とはいうものの

A

Although…, what one would imagine doesn’t happen

74
Q

〜ながら（も）　

A

In spite of…, the latter differs from expectations

75
Q

〜つつ（も）　

A

Even though / despite…, the latter actions differ from the norm

76
Q

〜といっても

A

Although (I say / one might say)…, in actual fact… is the case

77
Q

〜からといって

A

While it might be true that…, it is not the case that…, just because…

78
Q

〜としたら・〜とすれば・〜とすると・〜となったら・〜となれば・〜となると

A

If… is the case, something will be done / become

79
Q

〜ものなら

A

If… were possible, then (I) want (to do) … / must do …

80
Q

〜（よ）うものなら　

A

If… (is done / happens), then a 大変 situation will become of it

81
Q

〜ないことには

A

If X (is not done / does not happen / does not exist), then Y will not materialise

82
Q

〜を抜きにしては

A

If X is left out, then Y will not materialise

83
Q

〜としても・〜にしても・にしろ・にせよ

A

Even if / though…, (the speaker’s actions / feelings are not impacted)

84
Q

〜によって

A

Due to… / Because of… (can be positive, negative, or neutral)

85
Q

〜ものだから・〜もので・〜もの

A

Because (excuse element)

86
Q

〜おかげだ

A

Thanks to… a good thing results (gratitude / thanks)

87
Q

〜せいか・せいだ

A

Perhaps because of… a bad thing results (blame element)

88
Q

〜あまり・あまりの〜に

A

Because… was very…, an unusual (unfortunate) outcome

occurs

89
Q

〜につき

A

Due to such a reason, a outcome exists (public announcement / notice)

90
Q

〜ことだし

A

Other reasons exist too, but anyhow because of…, something is done

91
Q

〜のことだから

A

Because of…, one can make an estimation (based on that norm)

92
Q

〜だけに

A

As might be expected (from…), due to such and such being the case

93
Q

〜ばかりに

A

(Simply) because…, on account of…

94
Q

〜からには・〜以上（は）・〜上は

A

Because of…, doing… is natural

95
Q

〜がたい

A

… is difficult, hard to do　(〜にくい)

96
Q

〜わけにはいかない・〜わけにもいかない

A

Impossible / cannot do (due to norms in society)

97
Q

〜かねる

A

Not able to do… (from the standpoint of the speaker)

98
Q

〜ようがない

A

Even if (I) wanted to…, (I) don’t know how to / there is no likelihood or possibility

99
Q

〜どころではない

A

There is no possibility of such a situation

100
Q

〜得る / 〜得ない

A

There is / isn’t a possibility. Able to do / not to do

101
Q

〜わりに（は）　

A

Considering…, the amount / extent is different to the norm

102
Q

〜にしては

A

Considering such a fact / standard, the latter (result) is unexpected

103
Q

〜だけ（のこと）ある

A

Expectations met with terms

104
Q

〜として

A

As… (i.e in the role of) / For… (i.e from the viewpoint of)

105
Q

〜にとって

A

From the perspective of…, such a thing can be said

106
Q

〜にしたら・〜にすれば・〜にしてみれば・〜にしても

A

From (somebody else’s) standpoint, such a thing can be said

107
Q

〜たところ

A

After… a certain result / situation is understood

108
Q

〜きり

A

Ever since…, the same situation has continued

109
Q

〜あげく

A

After various…, results in an unfortunate conclusion / In the end (after a long process)

110
Q

〜末（に）

A

Finally / after / following…, final outcome happens

111
Q

〜ところだった

A

Just as a situation was on the brink of happening, in fact it doesn’t happen

112
Q

〜ずじまいだ

A

(I) intended to do…, yet in the end unable to (negative ending)

113
Q

〜ぐらい・〜くらい

A

Amount is light / … is the minimum amount

114
Q

〜など・〜なんか・〜なんて

A

Such things are of low value / not important

115
Q

〜まで・〜までして・〜てまで

A

… is to such an extreme amount, (that one is prepared to do… / that the present situation is such)

116
Q

〜として〜ない

A

… wholly not deny / e.g not even a single (person…)

117
Q

〜さえ

A

Even

118
Q

〜さえ〜ば

A

If only… / As long as…

119
Q

〜てでも

A

Even if / No matter what / By any means (out of the ordinary)

120
Q

〜とみえる

A

Seems like…

121
Q

〜かねない

A

Possibility of unfortunate consequence (negative) (かもしれない )

122
Q

〜おそれがある

A

Possibility of something bad happening (A fear / To dread…)

123
Q

〜まい（１）

A

〜ないだろう

124
Q

〜に違いない・〜に相違ない

A

Must be…

125
Q

〜にきまっている

A

(I) absolutely think that…

126
Q

〜ものだ

A

Generally speaking, … is natural / the truth

127
Q

〜というものだ

A

Looking at it with common sense, certainly…

128
Q

〜にすぎない

A

Just / Only / No more than

129
Q

〜にほかならない

A

Nothing but, none other than

130
Q

〜に越したことはない

A

There’s nothing better than…, it is better to…

131
Q

〜しかない・〜よりほかない

A

Have no choice, there is nothing but

132
Q

〜べきだ / 〜べきではない

A

Should do / Should not do

133
Q

〜（よ）うではないか

A

Shall we…? / Shan’t we…?

134
Q

〜ことだ

A

Important to do / important not to do… Ought to / ought not to…

135
Q

〜ものだ / 〜ものではない

A

Should / shouldn’t do… Must / mustn’t do…

136
Q

〜ことはない

A

Do not have to do…

137
Q

〜ものか

A

Absolutely intend not to do…

138
Q

〜てしかたがない・てしょうがない

A

… is inevitable / … cannot be helped

To hold a strong feeling towards

139
Q

〜てたまらない

A

Cannot endure…

140
Q

〜てならない

A

To have a strong feeling that…

141
Q

〜ないではいられない・ずにはいられない

A

No matter how hard (I) tried, (I) couldn’t suppress…

142
Q

〜ないわけに（は）いかない

A

Cannot not do (i.e Have to do) (しなければならない)

143
Q

〜ざるを得ない

A

Suppressed into having to do something (that is out of one’s control, and don’t wish to do)

144
Q

〜たいものだ・〜てほしいものだ

A

Want… / Strongly think that

145
Q

〜ものだ

A

Used to…

146
Q

〜ものだ

A

To have strong feelings about… / To have a strong interest / be amazed

147
Q

〜ないもの（だろう）か

A

Implementation is difficult, but somehow (I) want… to become / materialise

148
Q

〜ものがある

A

… has a certain feeling / sense / impression

149
Q

〜ことだ

A

Is a truly (surprising, moving, sarcastic etc…) thing

150
Q

〜ことだろう・〜ことか

A

To do / have… extremely largely. To feel… extremely so.

151
Q

〜において

A

as for, regarding, in

152
Q

〜に先立って

A

before / prior to

153
Q

〜とはいいながら

A

while it might be the case that…, it is different to expectations

154
Q

〜からすると・〜からいうと

A

in terms of / from the point of view of

155
Q

〜こと

A

must / must no do

156
Q

〜ことなく

A

without doing something even once

157
Q

〜ことに

A

to my… (e.g own astonishment)

158
Q

〜ことは〜が

A

although / but

159
Q

〜ということだ・〜とのことだ

A

I’ve heard that / rumour has it that / it appears as if / it means that

160
Q

〜わけだ・というわけだ

A

the fact is / for that reason

161
Q

〜ところから・ことから

A

because / from the fact that

162
Q

〜だの〜だの

A

and / and the like / and so forth (うんざりというニュアンスで例を挙げる)

163
Q

〜のみ

A

only, nothing but

164
Q

〜てはならない

A

must not / cannot / should not

165
Q

〜ではあるまいか

A

〜ではないだろうか

166
Q

〜まい（２）

A

〜するつもりはない・〜しないでおこう

167
Q

〜（よ）うか〜まいか

A

〜しようか〜しないでおこうか

168
Q

〜ようでは

A

if…, then (bad result)

169
Q

〜ねばらない

A

have to do / must / should

170
Q

〜かのように

A

as if; just like

171
Q

〜だけましだ

A

it’s better than; one should feel grateful for

172
Q

〜っこない

A

no chance of; … is definitely not possible

N2 文法 (1 decks)

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