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Nursing 2 Pharm Final > N1B Pain > Flashcards

N1B Pain Flashcards

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1
Q

Is Pain a high priority problem?

A

YES!

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2
Q

Pain is described in terms of LDIE:

A
  • location
  • duration
  • intensity
  • etiology
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3
Q

perceived at the source of the pain and extends to nearby tissues
which type of pain?

A

radiating pain

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4
Q

pain felt in a part of the body that is considerably removed from the tissues causing the pain.
which type of pain?

A

referred pain

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5
Q

____ prolonged occurs over 6 months, interferes with functioning

A

Chronic

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6
Q

“I ache all the time”
“I’m sore and still”
TYPE OF PAIN?

A

VISCERAL

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7
Q

“It feels like a charley-horse”
“It hurts when I move”
TYPE OF PAIN?

A

DEEP SOMATIC MUSCLE PAIN

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8
Q

“It aches at night”
“It feels like my skin is burning”
“It feels like someone stabbed me”
TYPE OF PAIN?

A

DEEP SOMATIC BONE PAIN

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9
Q

“It is a shooting pain”

type of pain?

A

Neuropathic Pain

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10
Q

“Its worse when I breathe in”

type of pain?

A

Visceral pleuritic pan

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11
Q

“Comes and goes like cramps”

type of pain?

A

Visceral colic pain

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12
Q

2 nursing diagnoses for pain

A

1) Acute Pain

2) Chronic Pain

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13
Q

General Guidelines for Analgesic Medication Orders

A

Administer medications routinely, not PRN
Use the least invasive route of administration first
Begin with a low dose. Titrate carefully until comfort is achieved
Reassess and adjust dose frequently to optimize pain relief while monitoring and managing side effects

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14
Q

Pharmacologic pain management

A 
Non-Opioids/NSAIDS
Opioid Analgesic
Equianalgesic
Coanalgesics (Adjuvant)
Placebos
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15
Q

Non-opioids

A

(e.g. NSAIDS, Tylenol, Toradol) For mild pain

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16
Q

Weak Opioids

A

(Hydrocodone, codeine, tramadol)  For moderate pain

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17
Q

coanalgesics

A

Medication that is not classified as a pain medication but that may have properties that may reduce pain alone or in combination with other analgesics (e.g. tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and local anesthetics)

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18
Q

describe mild to severe pain

A 
--Sympathetic nervous system responses:
I Increased pulse rate
I Increased respiratory rate
I Elevated blood pressure
I Diaphoresis
I Dilated pupils
Related to tissue injury; resolves with healing
Client appears restless and anxious
Client reports pain
Client exhibits behavior indicative of pain: crying, rubbing area, holding area
--Parasympathetic nervous system responses:
I Vital signs normal
I Dry, warm skin
I Pupils normal or dilated
Continues beyond healing
Client appears depressed and withdrawn
Client often does not mention pain unless asked
Pain behavior often absent
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19
Q

Sudden or slow onset, regardless

of its intensity

A

ACUTE PAIN

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20
Q

Pure opioid drugs that provide maximum pain inhibition

A

AGONIST ANALGESIC

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21
Q

Can act like opioids and relieve pain when given to a

client who has not taken any pure opioids

A

AGONIST-ANTAGOIST ANALGESIC

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22
Q

Nonpainful stimulus that produces pain

A

ALLODYNIA

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23
Q

Prolonged, usually recurring or

lasting more than 3 months; interferes with functioning

A

CHRONIC PAIN

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24
Q

_________is an effective massage techniques used for many reasons, used to increase blood circulation, stimulate lymphatic drainage and promote relaxation. Effleurage is used to increase blood circulation and lymphatic flow in the body. Type of massage consisting of Long, slow, gliding strokes

A

EFFLEURAGE

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25
Q

Refers to relative potency of various opioid analgesics

compared to a standard dose of parenteral morphine

A

EQUIANALGESIA

26
Q

Not classified as a pain medication but may reduce pain alone or in combination with other analgesics; may potentiate the effects of pain medications

A

COANALGESIC

27
Q

Heightened response to a painful stimuli

A

hyperalgesia

28
Q

HYPERALGESIA

A

HYPERPATHIA

29
Q

Chemical interruption of a nerve
pathway, effected by injecting a
local anesthetic into the nerve

A

NERVE BLOCK

30
Q

Associated with damaged or malfunctioning nerves due to illness, injury, or undetermined reasons

A

NEUROPATHIC PAIN

31
Q

Experienced when an intact,
properly functioning nervous
system sends signals that tissues
are damaged

A

NOCICEPTIVE PAIN

32
Q

A nonopioid pain medication that
has anti-inflammatory, analgesic,
and antipyretic effects

A

NSAIDs

33
Q

Least amount of stimuli necessary for a person to label

a sensation as pain

A

Pain threshold

34
Q

The most pain an individual is willing or able to bear

before taking evasive actions

A

Pain tolerance

35
Q

Interactive method of pain management that permits clients to treat their pain by self—
administering doses of analgesic

A

PCA

36
Q

Phantom limb pain aka_____

A

Peripheral Neuropathic Pain

37
Q

Condition that results from the undertreatment of pain

where the client may become hyperfocused on obtaining medication

A

Pseudoaddiction

38
Q

Appear to arise in different areas

to other parts of the body

A

Referred Pain

39
Q

Originates in skin, muscles, bone, or connective tissue

A

Somatic pain

40
Q

May occur with abnormal connections between pain f1bers and the sympathetic nervous system

A

Sympathetically-maintained pain

41
Q

Method of applying electrical stimulation directly over
identified pain areas; stimulation through to block
transmission of nociceptive impulse

A

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)

42
Q

Pain arising from organs

A

VISCERAL PAIN

43
Q

Unpleasant, abnormal sensation that can be either spontaneous or evoked

A

dysesthesia

44
Q

Central neuropathic pain occurs occasionally when abnormal connections between pain fibers and the sympathetic nervous system perpetuate problems with both the pain and sympathetically controlled functions.

a. True
b. False

A

FALSE

45
Q

Pain tolerance is the least amount of stimulus that is needed for a person to feel a sensation he or she labels as pain.

a. True
b. False

A

FALSE

46
Q

Pain management is the alleviation of pain or a reduction in pain to a level of comfort that is acceptable to the client.

a. True
b. False

A

TRUE

47
Q

Preemptive analgesia is the administration of analgesics prior to an invasive or operative procedure in order to treat pain before it occurs.
true
false

A

true

48
Q

Pain threshold is the maximum amount of painful stimuli that a person is willing to withstand without seeking
avoidance of the pain or relief.
a. True
b. False

A

false

49
Q

A full agonist _______- includes morphine (e.g., Kadian, MS Contin), oxycodone (e.g. Percocet, OxyContin), and hydromorphone (e.g., Dilaudid, Palladone)

A

analgesic

50
Q

Partial agonists have a _______ effect in contrast to a full agonist.

A

ceiling

51
Q

refers to the relative potency of various opioid analgesics compared to a standard dose of par—
enteral morphine.

A

equianalgesia

52
Q

___________drug therapy is advantageous in that it delivers a relatively stable plasma drug level and is noninvasive.

A

transdermal

53
Q

appear to arise in different areas

A

referred pain

54
Q

Experienced when an intact, properly functioning nervous system sends signals that tissues are damaged, requiring attention and proper care

A

physiological pain

55
Q

what is sympathetically maintained pain

A

occurs occasionally when abnormal connections between pain fibers and the SNS perpetuate problems with both the pain and sympathetically controlled functions (edema, temp., blood flow regulation)

56
Q

when pain lasts only through the expected recovery period whether it has a sudden or slow onset and regardless of the intensity

A

acute pain

57
Q

pain in the 1 to 3 range

A

mild

58
Q

pain in the 4 to 6 range

A

moderate

59
Q

pain in the 7 to 10 range

A

severe

60
Q

as the 5th VS, pain should be screened for every time VS are evaluated. Pain is physical and emotional experience.

A

Identify two major components of a pain assessment.

(1) pain history to obtain facts from client
(2) direct observation of behaviors, physical signs of tissue damage, and secondary physiological responses of the client

Nursing 2 Pharm Final (5 decks)

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