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Nursing 2 Pharm Final > N1B Pain > Flashcards

N1B Pain Flashcards

1
Q

Is Pain a high priority problem?

A

YES!

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2
Q

Pain is described in terms of LDIE:

A
  • location
  • duration
  • intensity
  • etiology
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3
Q

perceived at the source of the pain and extends to nearby tissues
which type of pain?

A

radiating pain

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4
Q

pain felt in a part of the body that is considerably removed from the tissues causing the pain.
which type of pain?

A

referred pain

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5
Q

____ prolonged occurs over 6 months, interferes with functioning

A

Chronic

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6
Q

“I ache all the time”
“I’m sore and still”
TYPE OF PAIN?

A

VISCERAL

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7
Q

“It feels like a charley-horse”
“It hurts when I move”
TYPE OF PAIN?

A

DEEP SOMATIC MUSCLE PAIN

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8
Q

“It aches at night”
“It feels like my skin is burning”
“It feels like someone stabbed me”
TYPE OF PAIN?

A

DEEP SOMATIC BONE PAIN

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9
Q

“It is a shooting pain”

type of pain?

A

Neuropathic Pain

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10
Q

“Its worse when I breathe in”

type of pain?

A

Visceral pleuritic pan

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11
Q

“Comes and goes like cramps”

type of pain?

A

Visceral colic pain

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12
Q

2 nursing diagnoses for pain

A

1) Acute Pain

2) Chronic Pain

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13
Q

General Guidelines for Analgesic Medication Orders

A

Administer medications routinely, not PRN
Use the least invasive route of administration first
Begin with a low dose. Titrate carefully until comfort is achieved
Reassess and adjust dose frequently to optimize pain relief while monitoring and managing side effects

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14
Q

Pharmacologic pain management

A 
Non-Opioids/NSAIDS
Opioid Analgesic
Equianalgesic
Coanalgesics (Adjuvant)
Placebos
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15
Q

Non-opioids

A

(e.g. NSAIDS, Tylenol, Toradol) For mild pain

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16
Q

Weak Opioids

A

(Hydrocodone, codeine, tramadol)  For moderate pain

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17
Q

coanalgesics

A

Medication that is not classified as a pain medication but that may have properties that may reduce pain alone or in combination with other analgesics (e.g. tricyclic antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and local anesthetics)

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18
Q

describe mild to severe pain

A 
--Sympathetic nervous system responses:
I Increased pulse rate
I Increased respiratory rate
I Elevated blood pressure
I Diaphoresis
I Dilated pupils
Related to tissue injury; resolves with healing
Client appears restless and anxious
Client reports pain
Client exhibits behavior indicative of pain: crying, rubbing area, holding area
--Parasympathetic nervous system responses:
I Vital signs normal
I Dry, warm skin
I Pupils normal or dilated
Continues beyond healing
Client appears depressed and withdrawn
Client often does not mention pain unless asked
Pain behavior often absent
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19
Q

Sudden or slow onset, regardless

of its intensity

A

ACUTE PAIN

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20
Q

Pure opioid drugs that provide maximum pain inhibition

A

AGONIST ANALGESIC

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21
Q

Can act like opioids and relieve pain when given to a

client who has not taken any pure opioids

A

AGONIST-ANTAGOIST ANALGESIC

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22
Q

Nonpainful stimulus that produces pain

A

ALLODYNIA

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23
Q

Prolonged, usually recurring or

lasting more than 3 months; interferes with functioning

A

CHRONIC PAIN

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24
Q

_________is an effective massage techniques used for many reasons, used to increase blood circulation, stimulate lymphatic drainage and promote relaxation. Effleurage is used to increase blood circulation and lymphatic flow in the body. Type of massage consisting of Long, slow, gliding strokes

A

EFFLEURAGE

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25
Refers to relative potency of various opioid analgesics | compared to a standard dose of parenteral morphine
EQUIANALGESIA
26
Not classified as a pain medication but may reduce pain alone or in combination with other analgesics; may potentiate the effects of pain medications
COANALGESIC
27
Heightened response to a painful stimuli
hyperalgesia
28
HYPERALGESIA
HYPERPATHIA
29
Chemical interruption of a nerve pathway, effected by injecting a local anesthetic into the nerve
NERVE BLOCK
30
Associated with damaged or malfunctioning nerves due to illness, injury, or undetermined reasons
NEUROPATHIC PAIN
31
Experienced when an intact, properly functioning nervous system sends signals that tissues are damaged
NOCICEPTIVE PAIN
32
A nonopioid pain medication that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects
NSAIDs
33
Least amount of stimuli necessary for a person to label | a sensation as pain
Pain threshold
34
The most pain an individual is willing or able to bear | before taking evasive actions
Pain tolerance
35
Interactive method of pain management that permits clients to treat their pain by self— administering doses of analgesic
PCA
36
Phantom limb pain aka_____
Peripheral Neuropathic Pain
37
Condition that results from the undertreatment of pain | where the client may become hyperfocused on obtaining medication
Pseudoaddiction
38
Appear to arise in different areas | to other parts of the body
Referred Pain
39
Originates in skin, muscles, bone, or connective tissue
Somatic pain
40
May occur with abnormal connections between pain f1bers and the sympathetic nervous system
Sympathetically-maintained pain
41
Method of applying electrical stimulation directly over identified pain areas; stimulation through to block transmission of nociceptive impulse
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
42
Pain arising from organs
VISCERAL PAIN
43
Unpleasant, abnormal sensation that can be either spontaneous or evoked
dysesthesia
44
Central neuropathic pain occurs occasionally when abnormal connections between pain fibers and the sympathetic nervous system perpetuate problems with both the pain and sympathetically controlled functions. a. True b. False
FALSE
45
Pain tolerance is the least amount of stimulus that is needed for a person to feel a sensation he or she labels as pain. a. True b. False
FALSE
46
Pain management is the alleviation of pain or a reduction in pain to a level of comfort that is acceptable to the client. a. True b. False
TRUE
47
Preemptive analgesia is the administration of analgesics prior to an invasive or operative procedure in order to treat pain before it occurs. true false
true
48
Pain threshold is the maximum amount of painful stimuli that a person is willing to withstand without seeking avoidance of the pain or relief. a. True b. False
false
49
A full agonist _______- includes morphine (e.g., Kadian, MS Contin), oxycodone (e.g. Percocet, OxyContin), and hydromorphone (e.g., Dilaudid, Palladone)
analgesic
50
Partial agonists have a _______ effect in contrast to a full agonist.
ceiling
51
refers to the relative potency of various opioid analgesics compared to a standard dose of par— enteral morphine.
equianalgesia
52
___________drug therapy is advantageous in that it delivers a relatively stable plasma drug level and is noninvasive.
transdermal
53
appear to arise in different areas
referred pain
54
Experienced when an intact, properly functioning nervous system sends signals that tissues are damaged, requiring attention and proper care
physiological pain
55
what is sympathetically maintained pain
occurs occasionally when abnormal connections between pain fibers and the SNS perpetuate problems with both the pain and sympathetically controlled functions (edema, temp., blood flow regulation)
56
when pain lasts only through the expected recovery period whether it has a sudden or slow onset and regardless of the intensity
acute pain
57
pain in the 1 to 3 range
mild
58
pain in the 4 to 6 range
moderate
59
pain in the 7 to 10 range
severe
60
as the 5th VS, pain should be screened for every time VS are evaluated. Pain is physical and emotional experience.
Identify two major components of a pain assessment. (1) pain history to obtain facts from client (2) direct observation of behaviors, physical signs of tissue damage, and secondary physiological responses of the client

Nursing 2 Pharm Final (5 decks)

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